hold
verb
noun
həʊld verb
1
IN YOUR HAND/ARMS
在手中/怀抱中
a. to have something in your hand, hands, or arms b. to move your hand or something in your hand in a particular direction 使〔手、手中某物〕处于某种位置 T T always + adv/prep
Could you hold my bag for me?
能帮我拿着包吗？
hold sth in your hand/arms
He was holding a knife in one hand.
他手中拿着一把刀。
I held the baby in my arms.
我把宝宝抱在怀里。
hold hands (hold each other’s hands) 手握着手
They sat holding hands under a tree.
他们手拉手坐在树下。
hold sb close/tightly (with your arms around someone) 紧抱某人
Max held her close and wiped away her tears.
马克斯抱紧她并擦去她的泪水。
hold sth out/up etc
He held out his hand to help her to her feet.
他伸出手帮助她站了起来。
Hold the picture up so we can see it.
把图片举高好让我们看到。
2
EVENT
事件
to have a meeting, party, election etc in a particular place or at a particular time 召开; 举办; 进行 T
This year’s conference will be held at the Hilton Hotel.
今年的研讨会将在希尔顿酒店召开。
A thanksgiving ceremony was held to mark the occasion.
举行了一个感恩仪式以示庆贺。
The funeral was held on a grey day in November.
葬礼在 11 月的一个阴天举行。
In April, the President held talks with Chinese leaders.
4 月，总统和中国领导人举行了会谈。
3
KEEP STH IN POSITION
使某物保持在某种位置上
to make something stay in a particular position 使〔某物〕保持〔在某种位置上〕 T
hold sth open/up etc
We used rolled-up newspapers to hold the windows open.
我们用卷起的报纸抵住窗户让它们开着。
Remember to hold your head up and keep your back straight.
记住要抬头挺胸。
hold sth in place/position
A couple of screws should hold it in place.
几个螺钉就可以把它固定住了。
Lift your head off the floor and hold this position for five seconds.
把头抬离地面，保持这个姿势五秒钟。
4
JOB/TITLE
工作/头衔
a. to have a particular job or position, especially an important one b. to have a particular title or record, because you have won a competition, are the best at something etc 拥有〔头衔、称号〕; 保持〔纪录〕 T
Do you really think he’s capable of holding such a responsible position?
你真的认为他能出任这个责任重大的职位吗？
hold the post/position/office etc (of sth)
She was the first woman to hold the office of Australian state premier.
她是第一位担任澳大利亚州总理的女性。
The governor had held the post since 1989.
那位州长自 1989 年起一直在位。
Whoever is elected will hold office (=have an important political position) for four years.
当选者任期为 4 年。
The programme still holds the record fo r the longest running TV series.
该节目仍然保持着播放时间最长的电视连续剧这一纪录。
The last Briton to hold the title was Bert Nicholson.
最后一名拥有该称号的英国人是伯特．尼科尔森。
5
KEEP/STORE
保留/保存
to keep something to be used when it is needed 保存.保留〔以备后用〕 T
Further copies of the book are held in the library.
这本书在图书馆还存有一些。
Weapons were held at various sites.
武器存放在不同地点。
6
KEEP STH AVAILABLE FOR SB
为某人保留某物
to agree not to give something such as a ticket, a place at a restaurant, a job etc to anyone except a particular person 〔为某人〕保留〔票、餐厅座位、工作等〕 T
We can hold the reservation for you until next Friday.
我们可以把您的预订保留到下星期五。
hold sth open
You can’t expect them to hold the job open for much longer – you’ll have to decide whether you want it or not.
别指望他们为你继续保留这份工作 — 你必须决定要还是不要。
7
KEEP SB SOMEWHERE
将某人关在某处
to keep someone somewhere, and not allow them to leave 关押，扣留 T
Police are holding two men in connection with the robbery.
警方拘留了同抢劫案有关连的两名男子。
hold sb prisoner/hostage/captive
A senior army officer was held hostage for four months.
一位高级军官被扣为人质达四个月。
hold sb incommunicado
8
OPINION
观点
to have a particular opinion or belief 持有，怀有〔观点或信念〕 ） T not in progressive 不用进行式
Experts hold varying opinions as to the causes of the disease.
专家们对该病的起因各持己见。
be widely/generally/commonly held (be the opinion of a lot of people) 普遍认为
This view is not widely held.
该观点并不普遍。
be held to be sth
She was held to be one of the most talented actors of her time.
她被认为是她那个时代最有天赋的演员之一。
hold that
The judge held that the child’s interests in this case must come first.
法官认为，该案必须首先考虑那孩子的利益。
9
hold sb responsible/accountable/liable (for sth)
to say or decide that someone should accept the responsibility for something bad that happens 认为某人应该（为某事）负责; 唯某人是问
If anything happens to her, I’ll hold you personally responsible .
如果她出了什么事，我就唯你是问。
He may have had a terrible childhood, but he should still be held accountable for his own actions.
可能他的童年很不幸，不过他仍然要为自己的行为负责。
10
OWN STH
拥有某物
to officially own or possess money, a document, a company etc 拥有〔金钱、证件、公司等〕 T
He holds shares in ICI.
他在 ICI 公司拥有股份。
Do you hold a valid passport?
你持有有效护照吗？
a privately held company
私有公司
11
CONTAIN PARTICULAR AMOUNT
容纳某一数量
to have the space to contain a particular amount of something 容纳 T not in progressive 不用进行式
The movie theater holds 500 people.
这家电影院能容纳 500 人。
The tank should hold enough to last us a few days.
油箱应该存油够多，足以让我们用上几天。
12
SUPPORT
支撑
to be strong enough to support the weight of something or someone 能承受，支撑（重量） I,T
Careful! I’m not sure that branch will hold you.
小心！ 我觉得那根树枝承受不了你的重量。
The bridge didn’t look as though it would hold.
那座桥似乎要撑不住了。
13
STAY AT SAME LEVEL
保持相同水平
to stay at a particular amount, level, or rate, or to make something do this （使）保持（某种数量、水平或速度） I,T
The bank is holding interest rates at 4%.
银行将利率维持在 4%。
Since then, the pound has held steady against the dollar.
从那时起，英镑对美元的汇率一直保持着稳定。
hold sb’s interest/attention (make someone stay interested) 使某人保持兴趣/注意力
Colourful pictures help hold the students’ interest.
彩色图片有助于让学生保持兴趣。
14
NOT CHANGE
不改变
to continue to be true, good, available etc 继续适用 （有效） I
What I said yesterday holds.
我昨天说的仍然有效。
Does your invitation still hold?
你的邀请还作数吗？
hold true/good
Twenty years on, his advice still holds good.
经过了二十年，他的建议依然适用。
weather/luck holds (out) (continues to be good) 天气/运气保持良好
If our luck holds, we could reach the final.
如果继续走运，我们有望进入决赛。
15
STOP/DELAY
停止/拖延
used in particular phrases to tell someone to wait or not to do something [口] 〔用于某些短语中〕停止; 别做〔某事〕 T | spoken
I’ll have a tuna fish sandwich please – and hold the mayo. (=do not give me any)
请给我一份金枪鱼三明治 — 不要蛋黄酱。
hold it!
Hold it! We’re not quite ready.
等等！ 我们还没准备好呢。
hold your horses!
16
hold your head up hold your head high
16. also 又作 to behave as if you are proud of yourself or respect yourself 抬起头来，不垂头丧气
They may have lost the game, but I still think they’ve earned the right to hold their heads high today.
他们也许是输掉了这场比赛，但我仍然认为今天他们有权利昂首挺胸。
17
hold your breath not hold your breath
17. a. to deliberately not breathe out for a short time b. to not breathe out and try not to make a sound because you do not want to be noticed c. used to say that you do not expect something to happen, even though someone has said it will [口] 不指望某事发生 spoken
Hold your breath and count to ten.
屏住呼吸数到十。
Julie shrank back against the wall and held her breath.
朱莉缩回到墙边，屏住了呼吸。
He promised he’d phone, but I’m not holding my breath.
他答应要打电话的，不过我可不指望他会打。
18
hold (your) fire
18. a. to not shoot at someone when you were going to b. to not criticize, attack, or oppose someone when you were going to 不批评 （攻击，反对 ）某人
The president urged his party to hold fire on the issue a few days longer.
总统敦促他的政党在这个问题上这几天暂不“开火”。
19
TELEPHONE
电话
also 又作 to wait until the person you have telephoned is ready to answer [口] 不挂断电话（等着） I | spoken
Mr Stevens is busy at the moment – would you like to hold?
史蒂文斯先生现在正忙，请你不要挂断等一下好吗？
Please hold the line while I transfer you.
请稍等，我给您转接。
20
ARMY
军队
if an army holds a place, it controls it or defends it from attack 防守，保卫;〔用武力〕占据 T
The French army held the town for three days.
法军在这个镇防守了三天。
21
MUSICAL NOTE
音符
to make a musical note continue for a particular length of time 继续唱[奏]〔某音符〕 T
22
FUTURE
未来
if the future holds something, that is what may happen [正式] 〔未来〕发生 T | formal
Thousand of workers are waiting to see what the future holds .
几千名工人在等着瞧会发生什么事。
23
HAVE A QUALITY
具有特质
to have a particular quality [正式] 具备〔某种特质〕 T | formal
hold (little) interest/appeal/promise etc
Many church services hold little appeal for modern tastes.
许多教堂的礼拜仪式对于现代人缺乏吸引力。
24
hold your own (against sb)
24. to successfully defend yourself or succeed in a difficult situation, competition etc 〔在困境、比赛等中〕固守阵地，（与某人）针锋相对
He was a good enough player to hold his own against the Americans.
他是个好球员，与美国人相比，他在比赛中毫不逊色。
25
not hold a candle to sb/sth
25. to be much worse than someone or something else 远比不上某人/某物，无法与某人/某物相比
26
be left holding the baby be left holding the bag
26 , to be left as the only person responsible for dealing with a difficult situation, especially something someone else started 得独自收拾烂摊子 BrE AmE
He was left holding the financial baby when his musical partner joined another band.
他的音乐搭档加入了另一支乐队，所以他独力负起了处理财务事宜的责任。
27
hold sway
27. to have a lot of influence or power 具有重大影响 （权力 ）
Among people here, traditional values still hold sway.
在这些人中，传统的价值观仍占主导地位。
28
hold court
28. to get the attention of everyone while you are talking, especially when you are trying to entertain people 吸引所有人的注意力
Joey would walk into the bar and hold court all night.
乔伊进入酒吧后会成为人们整晚注意的焦点。
29
hold your tongue
29. used to tell someone to stop talking or to not tell someone about something [口] 闭上嘴; 保持沉默 spoken
I reckon you’ve just got to learn to hold your tongue.
我认为你真该学会管好你的嘴巴。
30
hold all the cards
30. to have all the advantages in a situation in which people are competing or arguing 占绝对上风，占极大优势
‘There’s not much we can do. They seem to hold all the cards,’ said Dan gloomily.
“我们没什么办法了，他们好像已经占了绝对优势。”丹沮丧地说。
31
hold fast (to sth)
31. to keep believing strongly in something 坚信（某事）
32
hold a conversation
32. to have a conversation 谈话，交谈
33
hold the fort
33. to be responsible for something while the person usually responsible for it is not there 〔别人不在时〕代为处理事务
She’s holding the fort while the manager’s on holiday.
经理休假时由她负责处理事务。
34
hold the lead/advantage
34. to be winning in a competition, game etc 〔在比赛等中〕领先
Celtic held the lead in the first half.
在上半场比赛中，凯尔特人队领先。
35
there’s no holding sb (back)
35. used to say that someone is so determined to do something that you cannot prevent them from doing it [口] 无法阻止某人（做某事） spoken
36
can hold your drink/liquor/alcohol etc
36. to be able to drink a lot of alcohol without getting drunk or ill 酒量很大
37
not hold water
37. if an excuse, a statement etc does not hold water, it does not seem to be true or reasonable 〔借口、陈述等〕站不住脚，不可信
38
hold sth/sb dear
38. to care about something or someone a lot 【正式】 珍视某物/某人 formal
We were facing the loss of everything we held dear.
我们面临危机，可能失去我们所珍视的一切。
39
hold the road
39. if a car holds the road well you can drive it quickly around bends without losing control 〔指汽车急转弯时〕抓地性能良好
40 to continue to dislike someone or not forgive them because of something bad they have done in the past 〔因某事〕对〔某人〕怀恨在心，对〔某人〕有怨愤
You can’t still hold that against him, surely?
你不能还是对他怀恨在心，是吧？
41
hold sb/sth back
↔ to make someone or something stop moving forward 阻挡 （抑制 ）某人/某事物
Police in riot gear held back the demonstrators.
配备防暴装备的警察挡住了示威者。
42
hold sth back
↔ to stop yourself from feeling or showing a particular emotion 控制〔情感〕
She struggled to hold back her tears.
她竭力忍住不哭。
Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back.
她怒火中烧，无法控制。
43
hold sb/sth back
↔ to prevent someone or something from making progress 阻碍某人/某事（的发展）
They felt the British economy was being held back by excessive government controls.
他们认为由于政府过度控制，英国的经济发展受到了阻碍。
44
hold (sb) back
to be unwilling to do something, especially because you are being careful, or to make someone unwilling to do something 〔尤指因谨慎而〕（使）（某人）犹豫，踌躇
In the current situation many investors are holding back.
在目前形势下，许多投资者退缩了。
She wanted to tell him but pride held her back.
她想告诉他，可是自尊让她没有这样做。
45
hold sth back
↔ to keep something secret 隐瞒〔秘密〕
Tell me all about it – don’t hold anything back!
把这事全部告诉我，什么都别隐瞒！
46 to make someone or something stay on something, and stop them from moving away or escaping 控制; 固定〔以防某物移动或某人逃脱〕
We had to hold the tent down with rocks to stop it blowing away.
我们只好用石块将帐篷压住免得被吹走。
It took three strong men to hold him down.
三个壮汉才制住他。
47 to prevent the level of something such as prices from rising 抑制〔价格等〕的上升
We will aim to hold down prices.
我们将力求抑制价格上涨。
48
hold down
a job to succeed in keeping a job for a period of time 保住工作 （职位 ）
He’s never held down a job for longer than a few weeks.
他从未能把一份工作保住几周以上。
49 to keep people under control or limit their freedom 控制，压制
The people were held down for centuries by their conquerors.
那里的民众被征服者压制了几个世纪。
50 to give your opinion on a subject, especially for a long time 〔尤指长篇大论地〕发表议论
[+ on ]
The speaker was holding forth on the collapse of modern society.
演说者正在就现代社会的解体大发议论。
51 to delay doing something 拖延，推迟
Buyers have been holding off until the price falls.
买家们一直按兵不动，等待价格下跌。
hold off (on) doing sth
Hold off making your decision until Monday.
推迟到星期一再作决定吧。
52
hold sb off
↔ a. to prevent someone who is trying to attack or defeat you from succeeding b. to prevent someone from coming towards you or succeeding in speaking to you 阻止某人靠近; 阻止某人和你谈话
Not even a gun could hold him off forever.
即使是枪也不能永远挡住他。
There’s already a crowd of reporters outside – I’ll try to hold them off for a while.
外面已经有一群记者了 — 我会想法挡住他们一会儿。
53 if rain or bad weather holds off, it does not start, although it looked as if it would 〔雨、雪等〕延缓，迟迟不来
The rain held off until after the game.
比赛结束后才下起雨来。
54 a. to wait for a short time b. used when you have just noticed, heard, or remembered something interesting or wrong c. used to ask someone on the telephone to wait until the person they want to talk to is available 别挂断电话 spoken
Hold on, I’ll just get my coat.
等一等，我去拿外衣。
Hold on a minute! Isn’t that your brother’s car over there?
等一下！ 那边不是你兄弟的车吗？
Can you hold on? I’ll try to find her.
请别挂好吗？我去找找她看。
55 to have your hands or arms tightly around something 紧紧抓住 （抱住 ）
Hold on tight!
抓紧了！
[+ to ]
Hold on to my arm.
抓紧我的胳膊。
56 to continue doing something that is very difficult to do 坚持下去
San Francisco held on to win 4-2.
旧金山队顽强拼搏，以 4 比 2 赢得了比赛。
57 to keep something rather than losing it, selling it, or giving it to someone else 守住，保住
The soldiers held on to the bridge for three more days.
士兵们又把这座桥守了三天。
I think I’ll hold on to these old records for now.
我想我会暂时保留这些老唱片的。
58
hold out sth
to think or say that something is possible or likely to happen, especially something good 认为某事〔尤指好事〕有可能发生
not hold out much hope/hold out little hope Negotiators aren’t holding out much hope of a peaceful settlement.
谈判人员对和平解决不抱很大希望。
hold out the prospect/promise of sth
alternative methods which hold out the promise of improved health
可能改善健康状况的另类方法
59 if a supply of something holds out, there is still some left 〔供给品的〕维持，持续
Water supplies won’t hold out much longer.
供水维持不了多久了。
60
to continue
to successfully defend a place that is being attacked 守住
The rebels held out for another night but then fresh forces arrived.
叛乱分子又守了一个晚上，但是接着增援部队到了。
61 to try to prevent yourself from doing something that someone is trying to force you to do 拒绝（做别人强迫之事）
[+ against ]
I didn’t know how much longer I could hold out against their relentless questioning.
对于他们没完没了的盘问我不知道自己还能招架多久。
62 to not accept anything less than you have asked for 坚持要求，不肯让步
Transport workers are holding out for a 20% pay rise.
运输业工人坚持要求加薪 20%。
63 to not tell someone about something important 拒绝告诉〔重要事情〕
She must have been holding out on him all these years.
这些年来她肯定一直瞒着他。
64 to do or deal with something at a later time [正式] 推迟，搁置 usually passive 一般用被动态 | formal
The matter was held over for further review.
这件事被搁置起来待进一步审议。
65
hold sth over sb
to use something bad that you know about someone to make them do what you want 以某事要挟某人
He knows I’ve been in prison and is holding it over me.
他知道我曾坐过牢，便以此要挟我。
66
be held over
if a play, film, concert etc is held over, it is shown for longer than planned because it is very popular [尤美] 〔戏剧、电影、音乐会等因受欢迎〕公演时间被延长 especially AmE
67 if you hold to a belief, principle, promise etc, you believe it or behave according to it 信奉〔信念、原则等〕; 信守〔诺言〕
He admitted he did not hold to the traditional view of God.
他承认自己不认同对上帝的传统看法。
68
hold sb to sth
to make someone do what they have promised 要求某人恪守诺言
‘I’ll ask him tomorrow,’ ‘OK, but I’m going to hold you to that.’
“我明天问他。”“好吧，不过你要说话算数。”
69
hold sb to sth
to prevent your opponent in a sports game from getting more than a particular number of points [英] 〔在体育比赛中〕不让对手超过〔某一得分〕 BrE
Norway held Holland to a 2-2 draw.
挪威队以 2 比 2 逼平了荷兰队。
70 if a group or organization holds together, or if something holds it together, it stays strong and does not separate into different parts or groups （使）团结，（使）不分裂
Against all expectations, the coalition held together well.
和各种预料截然相反，这个联盟非常团结。
hold sth ↔ together
In those days the Church held the community together.
在那些年代，是教会将社区团结在一起的。
71 to remain whole and good enough to use, or to make something do this 保持完好
Incredibly, the raft held together till we reached the opposite shore.
真令人难以置信，筏子一直把我们载到对岸还没散架。
hold sth ↔ together
I wondered how the structure was held together.
我不知道这座建筑物的各部分是怎么连接在一起的。
72
hold sth up
↔ to support something and prevent it from falling down 支撑某物
The roof is held up by massive stone pillars.
屋顶是用几根粗大的石柱支撑着的。
73
hold sb/sth up
↔ to delay someone or something 耽搁某人; 推迟，阻延某事 usually passive 一般用被动态
Sorry I’m late – I was held up at work.
对不起我来晚了，我给工作耽搁了。
74
hold up sth
to rob or try to rob a place or person by using violence （试图）抢劫
Two armed men held up a downtown liquor store last night.
昨晚两名持枪男子抢劫了市中心一家售酒的商店。
75 to not become weaker 保持强壮
His physical condition has held up well.
他的身体保养得非常好。
76 to use someone or something as a good example or as proof of something 将…作为榜样 （证明 ）
The school is held up as a model for others.
这所学校被树为其他中学学习的榜样。
This incident will be held up as proof that tougher controls are needed.
该事件将作为采取更严格控制措施的明证。
77
not hold with sth
used to say that someone does not approve of something [英] 不同意，反对 BrE
He says he doesn’t hold with all this politically correct stuff.
他声言反对所有这些政治上正确的东西。
not hold with doing sth
I don’t hold with hitting children in any circumstances.
在任何情况下我都不赞同打孩子。
78
Hold
means to have something in your hand, hands, or arms. hold 表示用单手、双手拿着或者双臂搂抱某物
He was holding a piece of paper.
他拿着一张纸。
79
take/get hold of
If you want to talk about someone putting their hands or fingers around something and starting to hold it, use . 如想表示手部或者手指环绕并拿住某物，则用 take/get hold of
She got hold of the knife and stabbed him.
她拿刀刺中了他。
80
pick up
If you want to talk about someone putting their fingers around something and taking it, especially from the floor, use . 如想表达用手（从地上）拿起某物，用 pick up
I picked up all the toys from the floor.
我从地上拾起所有玩具。
81
pick pick up
Use not when you are talking about pulling flowers off a plant. 表示采花时要用 pick 而不要用 pick up
She was in the garden picking flowers (NOT 不说 She was in the garden picking up flowers) .
她在花园里采花。
noun
82
HOLDING STH
拿住某物
the action of holding something with your hands 抓住，拿住，握住; singular 单数
83
get hold of sth get a hold of sth
also 又作 to find or borrow something so that you can use it 找 （借 ）来某物 AmE
I need to get hold of a car.
我得找一辆车。
She managed to get a hold of a copy.
她设法弄到了一本。
84
get hold of sb get a hold of sb
also 又作 to find and speak to someone about something 找到某人，联系上某人 AmE
I must get hold of Vanessa to see if she can babysit.
我必须找到瓦妮莎，看看她能不能帮我照看一下孩子。
85
CONTROL/POWER
控制/力量
control, power, or influence over something or someone 控制，影响 singular 单数
get/keep a hold on/of sth
He struggled to get a hold of his emotions.
他尽力控制住自己的感情。
I’ve always kept a tight hold on our finances.
我一直牢牢控制着我们的经济。
I realized that the woman had a hold over my father.
我意识到那女人控制着我父亲。
86
on hold
a. if something is on hold, it is going to be done or dealt with at a later date rather than now b. if you are on hold, you are waiting to talk to someone on the telephone 等着通电话
The plans are on hold until after the election.
那些计划被推迟到选举以后。
Since having the kids, my career has been put on hold .
自从有了孩子，我的事业被搁置下来。
We try not to keep people on hold for more than a couple of minutes.
我们尽量不让打电话的人等候超过几分钟。
The agent put me on hold while she consulted a colleague.
那位经纪人与她同事商量的时候让我等着。
87
take (a) hold
to start to have a definite effect 开始起作用，产生影响
The fever was beginning to take hold.
发烧开始厉害起来。
88
get hold of an idea/an impression/a story etc
to learn or begin to believe something 得到 （开始相信 ）某个想法/印象/说法等
Where on earth did you get hold of that idea?
你到底是怎么想出那个主意来的？
89
FIGHT
打斗
a particular position that you hold an opponent in, in a fight or a sport such as WRESTLING 〔摔跤等运动中的〕擒拿技法 C
90
CLIMBING
攀爬
somewhere you can put your hands or feet to help you climb something 支撑点; 落脚点〔指攀爬时供手攀、脚踩之处〕 C
The cliff was steep and it was difficult to find a hold.
悬崖很陡，而且很难找到攀踏的地方。
91
SHIP
船只
the part of a ship below the DECK 1(1) where goods are stored 底舱，货舱 C
92
no holds barred
11. when there are no rules or limits on what you are allowed to do 无规则 （无限制 ）的，为所欲为的
It seems there are no holds barred when it comes to making a profit.
赚钱谋利似乎可以不择手段。