know
verb
noun
nəʊ verb
1
HAVE INFORMATION
知道信息
to have information about something 知道，了解 I,T not in progressive 不用进行式
Who knows the answer?
谁知道答案？
There are instructions telling you everything you need to know.
操作指南会告诉你所有须知事项。
Didn’t you know that?
你不知道那件事吗？
know what/how/where etc
Do you know what time it is?
你知道现在几点了？
I don’t know where to go.
我不知道去哪里。
know (something/nothing etc) about sth
I need to know more about the job before I decide whether to apply for it.
我决定申请这份工作之前，要对它有更多的了解。
Little is known about the author’s childhood.
这位作者的童年几乎不为人知。
I know all about David and what he’s been up to!
我对戴维以及他一直在搞些什么知道得一清二楚！
know (something/nothing etc) of sth
I wonder if he knew of the plan?
我在想他是不是知道这个计划？
Do you know of any good restaurants in the area?
你知道这地方有什么好餐馆吗？
You know nothing of this business.
你对这一行一无所知。
know (that)
We know that greenhouse gases can affect the climate.
我们知道温室气体会对气候产生影响。
Let me know (=tell me) what time you’re planning to arrive.
请告诉我你打算什么时候到达。
I thought you’d want to know immediately.
我以为你想马上知道。
If you must know , I was with James last night (=used when you are angry because someone wants to know something) .
如果你一定要知道的话，我昨晚是和詹姆斯在一起。
without sb/sb’s knowing
He slipped out of the house without his parents knowing (=secretly) .
他瞒着父母，偷偷地溜出了家。
How did he know (=how did he find information about) our names?
他是怎么知道我们姓名的？
as you/we know
‘I’m divorced, as you know,’ she said briefly.
“我离婚了，你知道的。”她简短地说道。
be known to do sth
Smoking is known to increase a person’s risk of developing lung cancer.
人们知道，吸烟会增加罹患肺癌的危险。
2
BE SURE
肯定
to be sure about something 肯定，确定
‘Are you seeing Jim tomorrow?’ ‘I don’t know yet.’
“你明天要去见吉姆吗？”“我还没有确定。”
know (that)
I know I won’t get the job.
我知道我不会得到这份工作。
Ruth knew that she couldn’t continue in the relationship for much longer.
露丝知道她无法再把这段关系维持下去了。
know what/why/how etc
I know exactly what you need!
我很清楚你需要什么！
know if/whether
The boy stared at him uncertainly, not knowing whether to believe him.
那男孩疑惑地看着他，不知道是否应该相信他。
I don’t know if I’ll be able to come.
我不清楚自己是否能来。
knowing (that)
She forced herself to go out, knowing that she would feel more depressed if she stayed at home.
她强迫自己出门去，知道如果自己留在家里会感到更加抑郁的。
How do you know (=what makes you sure) he won’t do it again?
你怎么确定他不会再干那事？
know sb/sth to be sth
It’s a story that I know to be true.
这个故事我相信是真实的。
I think he’s still living in Chicago, but I don’t know for sure .
我想他还住在芝加哥，但我不敢肯定。
As far as I know , they’re arriving on Saturday (=used when you think something is true but are not sure) .
据我所知，他们星期六到达。
I doubt I’ll win, but you never know (=used when you cannot be sure about something, but something good might happen) .
我不敢肯定自己会赢，但也难说。
3
BE FAMILIAR WITH SB/STH
熟悉某人/某物
to be familiar with a person, place etc 熟悉，了解 T not in progressive 不用进行式
I’ve known her for twenty years.
我认识她有二十年了。
Are you really thinking of leaving Kevin for a guy you barely know?
你真的考虑要为一个几乎不了解的人而离开凯文吗？
Do you know the nightclub on the corner of Maine Street?
你知道缅因街拐角上的那家夜总会吗？
I don’t know him very well .
我不是很了解他。
We’re still getting to know each other really.
其实我们还处在相互了解的阶段。
know sb from sth
I know her from school.
我从上学的时候就认识她了。
know sb as sth
Many people knew him as a local businessman.
许多人知道他是当地的一位商人。
Hepburn is best known for (=people are most likely to be familiar with) her roles in classic films such as ‘My Fair Lady’.
赫本在《窈窕淑女》这类经典影片中的角色最为知名。
The museum outlines the development of the city as we know it today.
博物馆概述了这个我们现在熟悉的城市的发展。
Does he know the way to your house (=know how to get there) ?
他知道去你家的路吗？
I grew up here; I know the place like the back of my hand (=I know it very well) .
我是在这里长大的，对这个地方了如指掌。
I only know her by sight (=I often see her but have not really spoken to her) .
我和她只是面熟而已。
She didn’t know me from Adam (=she did not know me at all) , but she was really helpful.
她根本不认识我，但她非常肯帮忙。
knowing sb/if I know sb (used to say that you expect someone to behave in a particular way because you know them well) 知道某人/了解某人
Knowing Sumi, my note’s probably still in her pocket.
我了解舒米，我的字条很可能还在她的口袋里。
He’ll be chatting up the women, if I know Ron!
他会和女人搭讪的，我了解罗恩！
4
REALIZE
了解到
to realize, find out about, or understand something 认识到，明白，懂得 I,T
Hardly knowing what he was doing, Nick pulled out a cigarette.
尼克下意识地掏出了一支烟。
She knew the risks involved.
她知道其中的风险。
know (that)
Suddenly she knew that something was terribly wrong.
突然她意识到出了大问题。
know how/what/why etc
I didn’t know how difficult it would be.
我不知道会有多难。
know to do sth
She knows not to tell anyone.
她知道不可以告诉任何人。
(do/if) you know what I mean? (used to ask if someone has understood you) 你懂我的意思吗？
It’s nice to have a change sometimes. Know what I mean?
有时候改变一下真不错。 你明白我的意思吗？
‘I just felt so tired.’ ‘Yeah, I know what you mean .’ (=I understand, because I have had the same experience)
“我就是感觉累得很。”“是啊，我懂你的意思。”
I should have known it wouldn’t be easy.
我早该知道这事不容易。
I might have known (=I am annoyed but not surprised) you would take that attitude.
我就知道你会采取那种态度。
know exactly/precisely
I know exactly how you feel.
我很清楚你的感受。
know perfectly well/full well/only too well
He knew full well that what he was doing was dangerous.
他非常清楚自己做的事情很危险。
sb will never know/no one will ever know
Just take it, no one will ever know.
把它拿走吧，没人会知道。
‘That’s not what I mean, and you know it ,’ he protested.
“我不是那个意思，这你知道。”他抗议道。
if I had known/if I’d have known
I wouldn’t have come if I’d known you were so busy.
要是知道你这么忙的话，我是不会来的。
Little did she know (=she did not know) that years later she would have her own pool and luxury apartment in Florida.
她根本没想到，多年以后在佛罗里达州，她会拥有自己的游泳池和豪华公寓。
She knew nothing of what had happened earlier that day.
对那天早些时候发生的事情，她一无所知。
5
SKILL/EXPERIENCE
技巧/经验
to have learned a lot about something or be skilful and experienced at doing something 精通，熟悉，懂得 T not in progressive 不用进行式
I don’t know enough history to make a comparison.
我对历史还不够精通，无法加以比较。
I taught him everything he knows.
他知道的一切都是我教给他的。
I know some French.
我懂一些法语。
know how to do sth
Do you know how to change a fuse?
你懂怎么换保险丝吗？
[+ about ]
I have a friend who knows about antiques.
我有一个懂古玩的朋友。
Bessie knew nothing about football.
贝茜对足球一窍不通。
Politicians know all about the power of language.
政治家都深知语言的力量。
I don’t know the first thing about (=I know nothing about) looking after children.
我对照看小孩一无所知。
I don’t really know what I’m doing (=I do not have enough skill and experience to deal with something) when it comes to cars.
说到汽车我可是一点都不懂。
The staff are dedicated people who clearly know what they are talking about .
这些员工有敬业精神，显然非常懂行。
She knew from experience that exams made her very nervous.
根据以往的经验，她知道考试让她神经紧张。
know your job/subject/stuff
a decent manager who knows the ropes (=has a lot of experience)
一位经验丰富的优秀经理
My cousin knows a thing or two (=know a lot about) about golf.
我的表弟对高尔夫球很在行。
know a song/tune/poem etc (be able to sing a song, say a poem etc because you have learned it) 会唱某一首歌/会哼某一段曲调/会背诵某一首诗等
Do you know all the words to ‘As Time Goes By’?
你能背诵《时光流逝》这首歌的全部歌词吗？
6
KNOW SB’S QUALITIES
了解某人的特质
to think that someone has particular qualities 认为，知道〔某人具备某种特质〕 T not in progressive 不用进行式
know sb as sth
I knew him as a hard-working, modest, and honest politician.
我认为他是个工作勤奋、为人谦虚而又诚实的政治家。
know sb for sth
In fact, I knew her for a tough-minded young woman.
其实，我知道她是个意志坚强的年轻女性。
7
know better
a. to be wise or experienced enough not to do something b. to know or think you know more than someone else （自认为）比…更了解 （知道 ）
It’s just prejudice from educated people who should know better .
这只是受过教育的人的偏见，这些人本不该这样想。
Eva knew better than to interrupt one of Mark’s jokes.
伊娃明白得很，不会去打断马克的笑话。
Everyone thought it was an accident. Only Dan knew better.
人人都认为这是一次意外事故，只有丹更清楚是怎么回事。
8
not know any better
used to say that someone does something bad or stupid because they have not been told or taught that it is wrong 不明真相，不知道情况〔因而做了坏事或傻事〕
Drugs are being sold to children who don’t know any better.
毒品在卖给不知就里的小孩子。
9
know sth inside out know sth backwards know sth backwards and forwards
also 又作 ; know sth backwards and forwards AmE [美] to be very familiar with something, especially because you have learned about it or because you have a lot of experience 对某事了如指掌，对某事十分了解 BrE AmE
Erikson know the game inside out.
埃里克森精通此道。
10
know your way around sth
10. a. to be so familiar with something that you are confident and good at using it b. to be familiar with a place so that you know where things are 对某地非常熟悉
She knows her way around a wine list.
她对酒水单了如指掌。
I don’t know my way around the city yet.
我对这座城市还不熟悉。
11
make yourself known (to sb)
11. to introduce yourself to someone [正式] （对某人）作自我介绍 formal
After she had gone, Paul made himself known to Dr Heatherton.
她离去后，保罗对希瑟顿医生作了自我介绍。
12
RECOGNIZE
辨认出
to be able to recognize someone or something 认出，认识，辨认出 T
Honestly, it had been so long, I hardly knew her.
说实话，过了这么长时间，我几乎认不出她了。
know sb/sth by sth
He looked very different, but I knew him by his voice.
他看上去变了很多，但我凭他的嗓音认出了他。
13
know sb/sth as sth
13. to have a particular name 某人/某物的名称是…
The main street between the castle and the palace is known as ‘the Royal Mile’.
城堡和皇宫之间的那条大街名叫“皇家大道”。
Nitrous oxide is commonly known as laughing gas.
一氧化二氮通常被称作笑气。
14
know sth from sth
14. to understand the difference between one thing and another 分辨事物，知道事物间的差异
Lloyd doesn’t even know his right from his left.
劳埃德甚至分不清左右。
At what age do children start to know right from wrong?
儿童到什么年龄开始懂得分辨是非？
15
EXPERIENCE
经验
to have experience of a particular feeling or situation 经历，体验，知道 T
I don’t think he ever knew true happiness.
我认为他从未体验过真正的幸福。
[+ about ]
I know all about being poor.
我真正体验过什么是贫困。
I’ve never known (=have never experienced) this to happen in all the time I’ve worked here.
我在这里工作的这些时间里从来没有经历过这种事。
I’ve never known him to shout (=he never shouts) .
我从来没有听到他大声喊叫过。
16
sb/sth is not known to be sth sb/sth has never been known to do sth
16. or used to say there is no information that someone or something has particular qualities 据说某人/某事物不是某种情况 （不会做某事 ）
This species is not known to be vicious.
据说这一物种并不凶猛。
17
I’ve known sb/sth to do sth sb/sth has been known to do sth
17. or used to say that someone does something sometimes or that something happens sometimes, even if it is unusual 我听说过某人做某事/发生了某种情况〔尽管并不常见〕
People have been known to drive 500 miles just to visit the shop.
听说有人驾车 500 英里只是为了去这家商店。
This type of fish has been known to live for 10 years or more.
据说这种鱼能活 10 年甚至更长时间。
18
you know
18. a. used to emphasize a statement b. used to make sure that someone understands what you are saying c. used when you want to keep someone’s attention, but cannot think of what to say next d. used when you are explaining or describing something and want to give more information 你知道的〔对某事进行解释或描述时想要提供更多的信息〕
There’s no excuse, you know.
你要知道，没什么借口好找的。
I felt very upset, you know?
我觉得心里很烦，懂吗？
Well, you know, we’ve got a job to do here.
嗯，你知道，我们在这里有活儿要干。
That flower in the garden, you know, the purple one, what is it?
花园里的那种花，你知道的，紫色的那种，它叫什么？
19
you know/do you know
19. used to start talking about something, or make someone listen 你知道吗〔用来引起话题或让人注意听〕
You know, I sometimes feel I don’t know him at all.
你知道吗，我有时候感觉自己对他一点都不了解。
Do you know, when I went out this morning that man was still there.
你知道吗，今天早晨我出去时，那个男人还在那里。
(do) you know what/something?
You know what? I think he’s lonely.
你知道吗，我觉得他很孤单。
20
I know
20. a. used to agree with someone or to say that you feel the same way b. used to say that you have suddenly had an idea, thought of a solution to a problem, etc c. used to stop someone from interrupting because they have an opinion about what you are saying 我知道〔用来阻止别人打断你的话〕
‘We have to talk about it, Rob.’ ‘Yeah, I know.’
“罗布，这件事我们得谈谈。”“好啊，我也这么想。”
I know, let’s go out for a meal on your birthday.
有了，你生日那天我们出去吃饭吧。
It sounds silly, I know, but I will explain.
这听起来很傻，我知道，但我会解释的。
I know, I know, I should have had the car checked out before now.
我知道，我知道，我应该事先把汽车检查一下的。
21
I don’t know
21. a. used to say that you do not have the answer to a question b. used when you are not sure about something c. used to show that you disagree slightly with what has just been said d. used to show that you are slightly annoyed [英] 真想不到〔表示有点不高兴〕 BrE
‘When did they arrive?’ ‘I don’t know.’
“他们是什么时候到的？”“我不知道。”
‘How old do you think he is?’ ‘Oh, I don’t know, sixty, seventy?’
“你觉得他有多大年纪？”“哦，我不清楚。 六十，七十？”
[+ what/how/whether etc ]
I don’t know whether to call him.
我拿不定主意是否要给他打电话。
I don’t know that
I don’t know that you need a passport for travelling within the EU.
我不能肯定你在欧盟国家里旅行要不要护照。
‘I couldn’t live there.’ ‘Oh, I don’t know. It might not be so bad.’
“我没法在那里生活。”“噢，我倒不这么认为，可能没那么糟吧。”
Oh, I don’t know! You’re hopeless!
哦，真是的！ 你无药可救了！
22
I don’t know how/why etc
22. used to criticize someone 真想不到怎么/为什么等〔用来批评某人〕
I don’t know how people could keep an animal in those conditions.
我真想不到怎么会有人把动物养在那样的环境里。
23
I don’t know about you but...
23. used to give your opinion, decision, or suggestion when you are not sure that the person you are talking to will feel the same way 我不知道你怎么想，但是…〔对别人提出观点、决定或建议，但又不确定别人是否看法一致时的说法〕
I don’t know about you, but I’ll be glad when Christmas is over.
我不知道你怎么想，不过圣诞节过去我会很开心的。
24
I don’t know how to thank you/repay you
24. used to thank someone 我真不知道该怎么谢你/回报你
25
wouldn’t you know (it)
25. used to say that something is not at all surprising 难道你不知道〔表示一点也不奇怪〕
I was told in no uncertain terms that Helen, wouldn’t you know it, didn’t approve.
别人肯定地告诉我说海伦不赞成，难道你不知道。
26
you don’t know
26. used to emphasize how strong your feelings are 你不知道，你不懂〔强调感情的强烈程度〕
You don’t know how much I missed him.
你不知道我那时多么惦念他。
27
I wouldn’t know
27. used to say that you do not know the answer to something and that you are not the person who would know 我可不知道，我可不清楚〔表示你不知道某事的答案或你不是应该知道此事的人〕
28
what does sb know?
28. used to say angrily that someone’s opinion is wrong or that it is not important 某人懂什么？〔气愤地表示某人的观点不对或不重要〕
What does she know about relationships?
她懂什么男女关系？
29
how should I know?/how am I to know?/how do I know?
29. used to say that it is not reasonable to expect that you should know something 我怎么知道？我怎么会知道？〔表示要求你知道某事是没有道理的〕
‘When will they be back?’ ‘How should I know?’
“他们什么时候回来？”“我怎么知道？”
30
how was I to know?/how did I know?
30. used as an excuse when something bad has happened 我怎么知道？我怎么会知道？〔发生不好的事后用来作借口〕
How was I to know that the file was confidential?
我怎么会知道这份文件是机密文件？
31
be not to know
31. used to say that you do not mind that someone has made a mistake because they could not have avoided it [英] 是不知道的，不是故意的〔表示不在意某人出错，因为他无法避免〕 BrE
‘Sorry, I didn’t realize you had guests.’ ‘That’s all right, you weren’t to know.’
“很抱歉，我不知道你有客人。”“没关系，你是不知道的。”
32
I ought to know
32. used to emphasize that you know about something because you made it, experienced it etc 我应该知道〔强调你知道某事，因为你做过或经历过〕
‘Are you sure there’s no sugar in this coffee?’ ‘Of course. I ought to know, I made it!’
“你肯定这杯咖啡里没有糖吗？”“那当然，我怎么不知道，这是我冲的！”
33
for all I know
33. used to emphasize that you do not know something and say that it is not important to you 我不知道，说不定〔强调你不知道某事，而且对你也不重要〕
I don’t know where she is. She could have been kidnapped for all I know.
我不知道她在哪里，说不定她被人绑架了。
34
not that I know of
34. used to say that you think the answer is ‘no’ but there may be facts that you do not know about 据我所知没有
‘Did he call earlier?’ ‘Not that I know of.’
“他早些时候来过电话吗？”“据我所知没有。”
35
Heaven/God/who/goodness knows!
35. a. used to say that you do not know the answer to a question b. used to emphasize a statement 老天作证〔用于强调〕
‘Where do you think he’s disappeared to this time?’ ‘God knows!’
“你认为到这个时候他不见了会去哪里？”“天知道！”
Goodness knows why she didn’t go herself.
天知道她为什么不自己去。
Goodness knows, I’ve never liked the woman, but I didn’t know how bad it would be to work with her.
老天作证，我从来就不喜欢这女人，可是我不知道和她一起工作会这么糟糕。
36
knowing my luck
36. used to say that you expect something bad will happen because you are usually unlucky 知道自己不走运，知道自己向来就运气不好
Knowing my luck, the train will be late.
我知道自己从来就是霉运，这趟火车要晚点了。
37
(well,) what do you know?
37. used to express surprise （哦，）真没想到
Well, what do you know? Look who’s here!
哦，真没想到，看看谁来了！
38
if you know what’s good for you
38. used to tell someone that they should do something, or something bad will happen 假如你知趣的话，如果你识相的话
You’ll keep your mouth shut about this if you know what’s good for you!
如果你识相的话，就别把这事说出去！
39
you know who/what
39. used to talk about someone or something without mentioning their name 你知道的那个人/东西
I saw you know who yesterday.
昨天我看到了那个人。
40
there’s no knowing
40. it is impossible to know 无从知道，难以预料
There was no knowing who might have read the letter.
无法知道谁可能已看过这封信。
41
let it be known/make it known (that)
41. to make sure that people know something, especially by getting someone else to tell them [正式] 使人知道（…），让人知晓（…）〔尤指通过别人传达〕 formal
Farrar let it be known that he saw nothing wrong with the proposed solutions.
法勒已公开表示，他认为所提出的解决方案没有问题。
42
not want to know
42. to not be interested in someone and what they want to say [英，非正式] 不想知道，不感兴趣 BrE informal
She’d approached several model agencies but they just didn’t want to know.
她去联系了好几家模特儿介绍所，但各家均不感兴趣。
43
know the score
43. to understand a situation and all the good and bad features about it [非正式] 知道实情，了解真相 informal
I knew the score before I started the job.
我开始这项工作之前心中有数。
44
not know what hit you
44. to feel shocked and confused because something happens when you were not expecting it to [非正式] 大为惊讶，深感意外 informal
Poor man, I don’t think he knew what hit him.
可怜的人，我想他是惊呆了。
45
know your place
45. used to say that someone understands that they are less important than other people –usually used humorously 有自知之明，知道自己位置何在〔一般为幽默用法〕
I know my place. I’ll get back to the kitchen!
我有自知之明，我会回到厨房去！
46
know no bounds
46. if a feeling or quality knows no bounds, it is not limited in any way [正式] 无止境，极其 formal
His enthusiasm knew no bounds.
他的热情极高。
47
sb knows best
47. used to say that someone should be obeyed or that their way of doing things should be accepted because they are experienced 某人最懂，某人最知道
She always thinks she knows best.
她总是认为自己最懂。
I have always hated the attitude that ‘the doctor knows best’.
我一向讨厌“医生最懂”的态度。
48
before you know it
48. used to say that something happens very quickly and when you are not expecting it 转眼之间，一下子
You’ll be home before you know it.
你一眨眼就会到家了。
49
know different/otherwise
49. to know that the opposite of something is true [非正式] 知道并非那样 informal
He told people he didn’t care about her, but deep down he knew different.
他告诉别人说不在乎她，但心底里他知道不是那么回事。
50
know your own mind
50. to be confident and have firm ideas about what you want and like 有自信，有自己的主见
51
you will be delighted/pleased etc to know (that)
51. used before you give someone information that they will be pleased to hear [正式] 你要是知道（…）准会高兴的 formal
You will be pleased to know that we have accepted your offer.
你要是知道了准会很高兴的，我们已接受了你的提议。
52
it’s ... Jim, but not as we know it
52. used to say that something is completely different from what we would normally expect something of its type to be [非正式，幽默] 那算是…，但不是我们所熟悉的那种 informal humorous
It’s the blues Jim, but not as we know it.
那算是布鲁斯音乐吧，但不是我们所知道的那种。
53
Know
means to have information about something. know的意思是知道某事
I know where you live.
我知道你住在哪里。
I never knew you were such a good dancer.
我一直不知道你跳舞跳得这么好。
54
know find out
Do not use when you mean to get information about something that you want to know. Use .instead 指得到想要知道的某事的信息时，不要用know，而要用 find out
I went to the window to find out what was happening outside (NOT 不说 I went to the window to know what was happening outside) .
我走到窗边想知道外面发生了什么事。
55
Know
also means to be familiar with someone or something. know 也可以指熟悉某人或某事
Do you know Sara well?
你和萨拉很熟吗？
I don’t really know London.
我不太熟悉伦敦。
56
know get to know
Do not use when you mean become familiar with someone or something. Use instead. 不要用 know 来指开始熟悉某人或某事，而要用 get to know
I’d like to get to know her better (NOT 不说 I’d like to know her better) .
我想更多地了解她。
The best way to get to know Venice is by boat (NOT 不说 The best way to know Venice is by boat) .
了解威尼斯的最好方法是乘小船。
noun
57
in the know
having more information about something than most people [非正式] 知情的，熟知内情的 informal
People in the know say that interest rates will have to rise again soon.
知情人士说，利率将很快再次上升。