start
verb
noun
stɑːt verb
1
BEGIN DOING STH
开始做某事
to do something that you were not doing before, and continue doing it 开始〔做某事〕; I,T
There’s so much to do, I don’t know where to start.
有那么多的事情要做，我都不知道从哪里开始。
Have you started your homework?
你开始做家庭作业了吗？
start doing sth
Then the baby started crying.
然后宝宝就哭了起来。
start to do sth
It’s starting to rain.
天开始下雨了。
He got up and started running again .
他爬起来又开始跑。
I’d better get started (=start doing something) soon.
我最好马上就开始。
start sb doing sth
What Kerry said started me thinking (=made me start thinking ) .
克里的话让我思考起来。
2
BEGIN HAPPENING
开始发生
also 又作 to begin happening, or to make something begin happening （使）开始发生 I,T
What time does the film start?
电影什么时候开始放映？
Lightning started a fire that burned 500 acres.
闪电引起了大火，烧毁了 500 英亩的林地。
The party was just getting started when Sara arrived.
萨拉到达时，派对才刚刚开始。
starting (from) now/tomorrow/next week etc
You have two hours to complete the test, starting now.
现在开始，你有两小时的时间完成考试。
3
BEGIN IN A PARTICULAR WAY
以某种特别的方式开始
also 又作 to begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way 〔以某种方式〕开始，开场 I always + adv/prep, T
A healthy breakfast is a good way to start the day.
以一顿有益健康的早餐来开始一天的生活是很不错的。
[+ with ]
The festivities started with a huge fireworks display.
庆祝活动是以一场盛大的焰火表演开始的。
[+ as ]
The restaurant started as a small takeout place.
这家餐厅是从一间小小的外卖店起家的。
start badly/well/slowly etc
Any new exercise program should start slowly.
任何新的锻炼计划一开始都应该慢慢来。
start (sth) by doing sth
Chao starts by explaining some basic legal concepts.
查奥开始时先解释了一些基本的法律概念。
4
BUSINESS/ORGANIZATION
企业/机构
also 又作 to make something begin to exist 创办; 建立 T
start a business/company/firm etc
She wanted to start her own catering business.
她想开办一家自己的酒席承办公司。
5
JOB/SCHOOL
工作/学校
to begin a new job, or to begin going to school, college etc 开始（新的工作）; 开始（上学） I,T
When can you start?
你什么时候能来上班？
start school/college/work
I started college last week.
上周我上大学了。
6
CAR/ENGINE ETC
汽车/引擎等
also 又作 start up if you start a car or engine, or if it starts, it begins to work （使）发动，（使）开始运作，启动 I,T
The car wouldn’t start this morning.
今天早上这辆车发动不起来。
get the car/engine etc
started He couldn’t get his motorbike started.
他的摩托车发动不起来。
7
BEGIN GOING SOMEWHERE
出发去某地
also 又作 to begin travelling or moving in a particular direction 出发，启程; I
We’ll have to start early to get there by lunchtime.
我们必须早点出发，以便午饭前能够赶到那里。
8
LIFE/PROFESSION
生活/职业
also 又作 to begin your life or profession in a particular way or place 开始生活; 开始立业 I always + adv/prep, T
[+ as/in ]
She started as a dancer in the 1950s.
20 世纪 50 年代她从一名舞蹈演员开始做起。
It’s difficult for new lawyers to get started in private practice.
新入行的律师在私人律师事务所里是很难起步的。
9
ROAD/RIVER/PATH ETC
道路/河流/小径等
if a river, road, path etc starts somewhere, it begins in that place 起源，起始 I always + adv/prep
The trail starts immediately behind the hotel.
这条路就是从酒店后面开始的。
[+ in/at ]
The race will start at the town hall.
比赛将从市政厅起步。
10
PRICES/AMOUNTS
价格/数量
if prices, amounts, or rates start at or from a particular number, that is the lowest number at which you can get or buy something （自…）起 I always + adv/prep
[+ at/from ]
Room prices start from £25 a night.
房价每晚 25 英镑起。
11
start from scratch/zero
11. to begin doing a job or activity completely from the beginning 从头开始
There were no textbooks, so the teachers had to start from scratch.
没有课本，因此教师们只得从零开始。
12
DELIBERATELY BEGIN STH
故意开始某事
to deliberately make something start happening, especially something bad 使发生，开始 T
I started a fire to warm the place up.
我生了一堆火让那个地方暖和起来。
start a fight/argument Oh, don’t go trying to start an argument.
噢，别去挑起争论。
Other girls were starting rumours about me.
其他女孩子在散布有关我的谣言。
13
to start with
13. a. said when talking about the beginning of a situation, especially when it changes later b. said to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating 首先，第一〔用于强调〕 spoken
I was pretty nervous to start with, but after a while I was fine.
开始时我很紧张，但过了一会就好了。
There are problems. To start with, neither of us likes housework.
有一些问题。 首先，我们俩谁都不喜欢做家务。
14
be back where you started
14. to try to do something and fail, so that you finish in the same situation that you were in before 前功尽弃; 白费劲
A lot of people who lose weight gain it back over time, and end up back where they started.
许多减了肥的人过一段时间又恢复了体重，结果是白费力气。
15
SPORTS
体育运动
if a player starts in a game, or if someone starts them, they begin playing when the game begins, especially because they are one of the best players on the team （使）出场，（使）上场〔尤指球队中最佳队员的上场〕 I,T
[+ for ]
Astacio started for the Dodgers on Tuesday night.
阿斯塔西欧星期二晚为道奇队出场比赛。
16
start a family
16. to have your first baby 生第一个孩子
We’re not ready to start a family yet.
我们还没准备生孩子。
17
start afresh/anew
17. to stop doing what you are doing and begin doing it again in a better or different way 重新开始
She saw her new job as a chance to start afresh.
她把自己的新工作看作是重新开始的一次机会。
18
sb started it!
18. used to say that someone else has caused an argument or problem [口] 是某人挑起来的！〔用于表示争论或问题是某人引起的〕 spoken
‘Don’t hit her!’ ‘But she started it!’
“别打她！”“但这是她挑起来的！”
19
start something/anything
19. to begin causing trouble 惹麻烦，闯祸
It looks like Jess is trying to start something.
看来杰斯是在惹是生非。
20
MOVE SUDDENLY
突然移动
to move your body suddenly, especially because you are surprised or afraid 〔尤指因吃惊或害怕〕突然移动; 惊起，吓一跳; I
A loud knock at the door made her start.
巨大的敲门声把她吓了一跳。
[+ from ]
Emma started from her chair and rushed to the window.
埃玛从椅子上惊跳起来，向窗口冲去。
21
start young
21. to begin doing something when you are young, especially when it is unusual to do it 很年轻就开始（做某事）
Woods started young, and was coached by his father.
伍兹起步很早，由他父亲训练。
22
Don’t (you) start!
22. used to tell someone to stop complaining, arguing, or annoying you [英，口] 别烦了！〔用于叫某人停止抱怨、争吵或骚扰〕 BrE spoken
‘Mum, I don’t like this ice-cream.’ ‘Oh, don’t you start!’
“妈妈，我不喜欢这冰激凌。”“哦，你别烦了！”
23 to begin returning to the place you came from 返回，回到〔原处〕
[+ to/down/up etc ]
I started back down the mountain to camp.
我开始下山返回营地。
24 to begin doing something, especially with a lot of effort 开始〔努力做某事〕
I decided to just start in and see what I could do.
我决定开始着手，看看能做成什么。
[+ on ]
Lilly started in on her burger.
莉莉开始吃汉堡包。
25 to begin criticizing someone or complaining to them about something 开始批评; 开始抱怨
[+ on ]
Mom turned away from Rose and started in on me.
妈妈转过头背向罗丝，开始数落起我来。
26 to begin something in a particular way, or to begin in a particular way （使）开始
start sth ↔ off with sth/by doing sth
The theater company started off their new season with a Shakespeare play.
这家剧团以一出莎士比亚戏剧开始他们新一轮的演出。
start off with sth/by doing sth
I started off by drawing the flowers I had collected.
我一开始先画我采集的花。
27 to be a particular thing or have a particular quality at the beginning of something, especially when this changes later 起先，开始时
The puppies start off white, and get their black spots later.
幼犬开始是白色的，稍后才长出黑斑点。
[+ as ]
The games start off as a social event, but players soon become competitive.
比赛起先是一项社会活动，但选手们很快就变得互不相让起来。
I started off as a drummer.
起初我是一名鼓手。
28
start sth ↔ off
to make something begin happening 使某事开始
We’re not sure what starts the process off.
我们无法确定是什么开始这一进程的。
29
start sb ↔ off
to help someone begin an activity 帮助某人开始
[+ with ]
He started me off with some stretching exercises.
他让我开始做一些伸展练习。
30 to begin going somewhere 启程，动身
I sat in the car for a few minutes before starting off.
我在汽车里坐了几分钟，然后出发。
[+to/towards/back etc]
She started off to school in her new uniform.
她穿了新校服去学校。
31
start sb off
to make someone get angry or start laughing, by saying something [英，非正式] 〔说某事〕使某人生气 （发笑 ） BrE informal
Don’t say that; that’ll just start him off.
别那么说，那会使他生气的。
start sb off doing sth
He made her jump, and that started her off giggling.
他让她跳，使得她咯咯笑起来。
32 to begin doing something or using something 开始做; 开始使用
You’d better start on your homework.
你最好去做作业。
33 start sb on sth to make someone start doing something regularly, especially because it will be good for them 使某人开始有规律地做某事〔尤指做对某人有益的事〕
Try starting your baby on solid foods at four months old.
宝宝四个月大时，试着给他吃固体食物。
34 to begin criticizing someone or complaining to them about something [英，非正式] 开始批评; 开始抱怨 BrE informal
[+ at ]
Ray’s wife started on at him about spending too much time in the pub.
雷的太太开始抱怨他花太多的时间泡在酒吧里。
35 to begin happening or existing in a particular way, especially when this changes later 起初，最初，开始时
[+ as ]
‘The Star’ started out as a small weekly newspaper.
《星报》最初是一份小型周报。
The leaves start out a pale green, and later get darker.
树叶开始是淡绿色，后来颜色变深了。
36 to begin your life or profession, or an important period of time 开始〔生活、职业或重要阶段〕
When the band first started out, they played at small clubs.
这支乐队刚开始时在小俱乐部里表演。
[+ as ]
She started out as a model.
她一开始是做模特儿的。
[+ on ]
young couples starting out on their life together
开始共同生活的小夫妻
37 to begin going somewhere 出发，启程
Oliver started out at five, when it was still dark.
五点钟天还没亮时奥利弗就出发了。
38 if you start up a business, company etc, or it starts up, it begins to exist 创立，组建; 出现
Tax breaks help new companies start up.
减免赋税有助于新公司的创立。
start sth ↔ up
Jordan started up a band of his own.
乔丹组建了自己的乐队。
39 if an engine, car etc starts up, or you start it up, it begins working 启动，发动〔引擎〕
The driver got back into the car and started up.
司机回到车上发动了引擎。
start sth ↔ up
Rory started up the engine and got the vehicle moving.
罗里启动引擎，把车辆开动起来。
40 if a sound, activity, or event starts up, it begins to exist or happen 〔声音、活动或事件〕开始
The crickets had started up now that it was evening.
到了晚上，蟋蟀开始鸣叫。
noun
41
OF AN ACTIVITY/EVENT
活动的/事件的
the first part of an activity or event, or the point at which it begins to develop 开始，开端; 起始点 C usually singular 一般用单数
[+ of ]
We arrived late and missed the start of the film.
我们迟到了，错过了电影的开头。
(right) from the start
We’ve had problems with this project right from the start.
这个项目从刚一开始我们就遇到了许多难题。
She read the letter fr om start to finish without looking up.
她头也不抬地把信从头到尾看完。
get off to a good/bad etc start
a free bottle of wine to get your holiday off to a great start (=begin well or badly)
一瓶免费葡萄酒，让假日有个良好开端
a rocky/shaky/slow etc start (a bad beginning) 不顺利的开端
After a rocky start, the show is now very popular.
这档节目一开始并不顺利，但现在已经很受欢迎了。
He wanted an early start on his election campaign.
他希望早点开始自己的竞选运动。
42
OF A PERIOD OF TIME
一段时间的
the first part of a particular period of time 开始，开端; C usually singular 一般用单数
[+ of ]
Since the start of 1992, the company has doubled in size.
1992年年初至今，这家公司的规模已经扩大了一倍。
the start of the year/day/season the
start of an election year
选举年的开始
get off to a good/bad etc start (begin well or badly) 开始就很顺利/不顺利等
The day got off to a bad start when I missed the train.
那天我误了火车，从一开始就不顺利。
43
make a start (on sth)
to begin doing something 着手（做某事）
I’ll make a start on the washing-up.
我这就开始洗餐具。
44
SUDDEN MOVEMENT
突然移动
a sudden movement of your body, usually caused by fear or surprise 〔因恐惧或吃惊引起的〕突然一惊; 惊起 singular 单数
with a start
Ted woke up with a start and felt for the light switch.
特德猛然惊醒过来，摸索着找电灯开关。
She said his name and Tom gave a start (=made a sudden movement) .
她说出他的名字，汤姆吓了一跳。
45
good/better/healthy etc start (in life)
if you have a good etc start, you have all the advantages or opportunities that your situation, your parents etc could provide to help you succeed （人生中）从小就具有的良好/较好/健康等的优势
Good health care for the mother before birth gives babies a healthy start .
孕妇产前良好的保健给了婴儿一个健康的基础。
Naturally we want to give our kids the best possible start in life .
我们当然想给孩子们尽可能好的人生起步条件。
46
WHERE RACE BEGINS
比赛的出发点
the start the place where a race begins 起点，出发点
The horses were all lined up at the start.
所有的马都在起点一字排开。
47
BEING AHEAD
领先
the amount of time or distance by which one person is ahead of another, especially in a race or competition 领先的时间 （距离） C usually singular 一般用单数
[+ on ]
The prisoners had a three-hour start on their pursuers.
囚犯逃跑了三小时，追捕的人才开始追。
48
for a start
used to emphasize the first of a list of facts or opinions you are stating [英，非正式] 首先，第一〔用于强调一系列事实或观点的第一条〕 BrE informal
Well, for a start, the weather was horrible.
哦，首先，天气很糟。
49
be a start
used to say that something you have achieved may not be impressive, but it will help with a bigger achievement [口] 良好的开端 spoken
One exercise class a week isn’t enough, but it’s a start.
一星期一节健身课是不够的，但这是个好的开始。
50
JOB
工作
the beginning of someone’s job, which they will develop in the future, especially a job that involves acting, writing, painting etc b. a job that has just started, a business that has just been started, or someone who has just started a new job 新工作; 新企业; 新手 C usually singular 一般用单数 C usually plural 一般用复数
Pacino got his start on the stage, before his success in films.
帕西诺起初表演舞台剧，后来在电影界获得成功。
I gave you your start , so remember me when you win the Pulitzer Prize.
我帮助你起步，等你获得普利策奖时可别忘了我。
The number of business starts plummeted 10.5% during the second half of the year.
下半年新成立的公司数量一下子减少了 10.5%。
a training course for new starts
新员工培训课程
51
starts housing starts
11. also 又作 technical when people begin to build a number of new houses 【术语】 住宅建筑动工 plural 复数
52
SPORT
体育运动
a. a race or competition that someone has taken part in b. an occasion when a player plays when a sports match begins 〔选手在比赛中的〕首发上场 C usually plural 一般用复数
The horse Exotic Wood was unbeaten in five starts.
那匹名为“异国木”的赛马五场比赛保持不败。
Jackson played in 353 games, with 314 starts.
杰克逊参加了353 场比赛，其中 314 场在首发阵容内。