not
adv
nɒt adv
1 used to make a word, statement, or question negative 不，没，不是〔用于把词语、陈述或问句等变为否定的意思〕
Most of the stores do not open until 10 am.
大多数商店要到上午 10 点才开始营业。
She’s not a very nice person.
她为人不太好。
You were wrong not to inform the police.
你没有通知警方是错误的。
‘Can we go to the park?’ ‘No, not today, dear.’
“我们能去公园吗？”“不，今天不行，亲爱的。”
not at all/not … at all (used to emphasize what you are saying) 根本不/一点儿也不…〔用于强调〕
The changes were not at all surprising.
那些变化根本不令人吃惊。
I do not like his attitude at all.
我一点儿也不喜欢他的态度。
2 used in order to make a word or expression have the opposite meaning 不，不是〔用于使词语或说法表示相反的意思〕
Edinburgh isn’t far now.
爱丁堡现在不远了。
The food is not very good there.
那里的食物不太好吃。
not a lot/much/many etc (only a few, only a little etc) 不多，很少
Not much is known about the disease.
对该疾病的了解还不多。
Not many people have read the report.
没多少人读过这篇报道。
Most of the hotels are not that cheap (=they are fairly expensive) .
大多数宾馆并不便宜。
3 used instead of a whole phrase, to mean the opposite of what has been mentioned before it 〔用来代替前面提到的整个语句，表示与其相反的意思〕
No one knows if the story is true or not .
没人知道这事是真是假。
I hope to see you tomorrow, but if not , leave me a message.
我希望明天和你见面，不过如果不行的话，给我留个口信。
‘Is Mark still sick?’ ‘ I hope not. ’
“马克还在生病吗？”“希望不是。”
4
not only
in addition to being or doing something 不仅，不但
not only … (but) also …
Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.
莎士比亚不仅是个作家，而且还是个演员。
not only do/will/can etc
Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
护士们不仅要求提高工资，还要求缩短工作时间。
5
not a/not one
not any person or thing 没有一个
Not one of the students knew the answer.
没有一个学生知道答案。
There wasn’t a cloud in the sky.
天空万里无云。
Not a single person said thank you.
没有一个人说谢谢。
6
not that …
used before a sentence or phrase to mean the opposite of what follows it, and to make the previous sentence seem less important 并不…〔用于表示前面的语句不太重要〕
Sarah has a new boyfriend – not that I care (=I do not care) .
萨拉找了个新男友，我并不在乎。
Janice had lost some weight, not that it mattered (=it did not matter) .
贾尼丝体重减轻了一些，不过那没什么。
7
not at all
used to be polite when someone has thanked you or asked you to do something [口，尤英] 别客气; 一点也不介意 spoken especially BrE
‘Would you mind helping me with my suitcase?’ ‘Not at all.’
“你能帮我提一下行李箱吗？”“没问题。”
8
not the sharpest tool in the box/shed not the brightest crayon in the box, not the brightest bulb on the Christmas tree not very
also 又作 used to say that someone is intelligent or is not able to learn things quickly or easily – used humorously 〔某人〕并不是很聪明，学东西并不快〔幽默用法〕 informal
9
– not! not any anything anybody ever
used, especially by young people, to say that you really mean the opposite of what you have just said Do not use another negative word (no, nothing, nobody, never etc) with . Use , , , etc. 不要把别的否定词（no，nothing，nobody，never 等）和 not 连用，而要用 any，anything，anybody，ever 等 spoken
I really enjoy spending my day working here – not!
我很喜欢白天在这儿上班 — 才不是呢！
I haven’t got any (NOT 不说 haven’t got no) money.
我没有钱。
I didn’t know anybody (NOT 不说 didn’t know nobody) .
我不认识什么人。