much
adv
determiner, pron
mʌtʃ adv
1 by a great amount 非常，很; 大量 BrE
much better/greater/easier etc
Henry’s room is much bigger than mine.
亨利的房间比我的大得多。
These shoes are much more comfortable.
这双鞋子要舒服得多。
I’m feeling very much better, thank you.
我感觉好多了，谢谢。
much too big/old etc
He was driving much too fast.
他开得太快了。
much the best/most interesting etc
It’s much the best way to do it.
这是做此事最好的方式。
2 a. used to ask or talk about the degree of a difference b. used to ask or talk about how big an additional amount of something is c. used to emphasize the difference you are mentioning 〔用于强调差异〕
how much older/smaller etc
She kept weighing herself to see how much heavier she was getting.
她老是称体重看自己重了多少。
how much more/longer/further
How much longer do we have to wait?
我们还得等多久？
How much further is it?
还有多远？
how much better/nicer/easier etc
I was surprised to see how much better she was looking.
看到她变得漂亮多了我很惊讶。
How much better life would be if we returned to the values of the past!
如果我们回到过去的价值观，我们的生活会有多好呀！
3 used to talk about a strong feeling or something that is done often 〔用于谈论强烈的感情或经常做的事〕
how/however much
You know how much I care about you.
你知道我是多么地在乎你。
I think you have to accept the pain, however much it hurts.
我想你必须得接受这个痛苦，无论这伤痛有多大。
He talks too much .
他话太多了。
We’re looking forward to your visit so much.
我们热切盼望着您的到来。
Thank you very much !
非常感谢！
much loved/admired/discussed etc
The money will buy much needed books for the school.
这笔钱将用于购买学校急需的书籍。
4
not ... much
a. only a little or hardly at all b. used to say that something does not often happen 不经常，很少
‘Did you enjoy it?’ ‘No, not much.’
“你喜欢它吗？”“不怎么喜欢。”
She isn’t much younger than me.
她不比我小多少。
Tony hasn’t changed much in the last ten years.
托尼过去十年没怎么变。
We don’t go to the theatre much any more.
我们不再经常去看戏了。
Kids don’t play outside as much as they used to.
孩子们不像以前那样经常在外边玩耍了。
5
much like sth/much as much the same (as sth)
also 又作 used to say that something is very similar to something else 很像某事物，和某事物几乎一样
The house was very much as I’d remembered it.
那房子和我记忆中的几乎完全一样。
The taste is much like butter.
这味道很像黄油。
Plants are classified in much the same way as animals.
植物分类的方式和动物的分类方式差不多。
6
much to sb’s surprise/embarrassment etc
used to say that someone feels very surprised, embarrassed etc when something happens [正式] 令某人大为吃惊/非常尴尬等的是 formal
Much to my relief, the conversation turned to another topic.
让我大大松了口气的是，谈话内容转到其他话题上去了。
7
much less
used to say that a greater thing is even less true, likely, or possible than the thing you have just mentioned 更不用说，更何况
The shelves were lined with books which neither Hugo nor Sally would ever open, much less read.
书架上排满了雨果和萨莉都不会去打开、更不用说去读的书。
8
much as
although 虽然
Much as I like Bob, I wouldn’t want to live with him.
虽然我喜欢鲍勃，但我不想和他生活在一起。
9
not so much...as...
used to say that one description of someone or something is less suitable or correct than another 与其说是…不如说是…
She was not so much nervous as impatient for the journey to be over.
说她紧张，不如说她是不耐烦，希望旅途快点结束。
determiner, pron
10 a large amount of something 很多（的），大量（的） in informal English ‘much’ is used mainly in questions and negatives 在非正式英语中，much 主要用于疑问句和否定句
I don’t have much money with me.
我身上没带很多钱。
Was there much traffic?
来往车辆多吗？
He didn’t say much about his trip.
关于他的旅行他说得不多。
Do you get much chance to travel in your job?
你的工作有很多出差机会吗？
After much consideration we have finally arrived at a decision.
经过深思熟虑，我们最终作出了决定。
[+ of ]
Much of the city was destroyed in the attack.
城市的大部分地方都在这次袭击中遭到了破坏。
(far/much/rather/a little) too much
There was too much work for one person.
一个人干，工作量太大了。
It would cost far too much to have the thing repaired.
这东西修起来太费钱了。
It was such a small thing to have caused so much trouble.
这么点小事却造成了这么大的麻烦。
11
how much
used to ask or talk about the amount or cost of something 多少; 多少钱〔用于询问或谈论某物的数量或值多少钱〕
How much is that dress?
那条裙子要多少钱？
How much flour should I use in the sauce?
调味汁中我要用多少面粉？
I know how much hard work goes into looking after a baby.
我知道照看小孩有多辛苦。
12
as much
an amount that is equal and not less 同等，一样，不少
as much (...) as
I hope you have as much fun as I did.
我希望你玩得和我一样高兴。
Just do as much as you can.
能做多少就做多少吧。
13
as much as 10/100 etc
used to emphasize how surprisingly large an amount is 多至 10 /100 等〔用于强调数量大得惊人〕
Some machines cost as much as £20,000.
有些机器价格高达 20,000 英镑。
14 used in negative expressions to say that something is not important, interesting, good etc 〔用于表示并不那么重要、有趣、好等〕
not/nothing much
‘What are you doing?’ ‘Oh, not much, really.’
“你在干什么？”“噢，没什么，真的。”
There’s nothing much we can do to help.
我们帮不了多大忙。
I don’t think much of that idea (=I do not think it is good) .
我不认为这个主意有多好。
The car may not be much to look at (=it does not look good) but it’s very reliable.
这辆车也许看上去不怎么样，但性能非常可靠。
It’s the best book he’s written, but that’s not saying much (=none of his books are very good) .
这是他写的最好的书了，但这说明不了什么。
15
not be much of a sth
to not be a good example of something or not be very good at something 算不上是某事; 不怎么会某事
I’m not much of a dancer, I’m afraid.
我恐怕不怎么会跳舞。
It wasn’t really much of a storm.
这其实算不上是暴风雨。
16
be too much for sb
to be too difficult for someone to do or bear 对某人来说太困难; 不是某人所能承受的
The effort of climbing the stairs had been too much for the old man.
对那位老人来说，登楼梯是很困难的。
The shock had been too much for her – she never recovered.
那个打击对她来说太大了 — 她一直没有缓过来。
17
not be up to much
to be fairly bad [英，口] 不怎么样，很糟糕 BrE spoken
The restaurant’s very grand but the food isn’t up to much.
饭店富丽堂皇，但食物并不怎么样。
18
there is not much in it
used to say that there is little difference between two things or amounts [非正式] 相差不大 informal
‘Isn’t the woollen carpet more expensive?’ ‘A little, perhaps, but there’s not much in it.’
“羊毛地毯是不是更贵？”“可能稍贵些，但相差不大。”
19
think/say etc as much
10. to think or say the thing that has just been mentioned 也这样认为/说等
Carson strongly disapproved of the plan and said as much at the meeting.
卡森强烈反对这个计划，在会议上也是这么说的。
‘Max was lying all the time.’ ‘I thought as much.’
“马克斯一直在说谎。”“我也这样认为。”
20
it was as much as sb could do to do sth
11. used to say that someone only succeeded in doing something with great difficulty 某人尽最大努力也只能做某事
He looked so stupid, it was as much as I could do to stop myself from laughing.
他看上去真傻，我好不容易才没让自己笑出来。
21
not/without so much as sth
12. used when you are surprised or annoyed that someone did not do something 甚至没有做某事，连某事都没有做
They left without so much as saying goodbye.
他们连再见都没有说就走了。
He’d received not so much as a thank you from Tiffany.
他甚至没有听到蒂法尼对他说一句谢谢。
22
so much for sth
13. used to say that a particular action, idea, statement etc was not useful or did not produce the result that was hoped for 原来某事毫无用处; 某事未产生期盼的结果
He’s late again. So much for good intentions.
想得再好也没用，他又迟到了。
23
I’ll say this/that much for sb/sth
14. used when saying one good thing about someone or something when they are being criticized a lot 我要为某人/某事物这么说〔用于为正遭受批评的人或事说句好话〕
Well, he does admit it when he’s wrong, I’ll say that much for him.
嗯，有错他确实是会承认的，这我要替他说句好话。
24
as much again
15. an additional amount that is equal 〔额外的数量〕一样多，同样多
The car only cost me £1500 but it cost as much again to get it insured.
这辆车仅花了我 1500 英镑，但买保险费也花了同样多的钱。
25
be a bit much/be too much
16. used to say that someone’s behaviour is unacceptable or impolite [英，口] 有点过分/太过分〔用于指某人的行为不能让人接受或不礼貌〕 BrE spoken
It’s a bit much expecting you to pay for it all.
全部要你来出钱，这有点过分了。
26
make much of sb/sth
17. to treat a person or thing as though you think they are very important or special [正式] 重视 （认真对待 ）某人/某物 formal
The press made much of the discovery.
新闻界对这个发现大事宣传。
They’ve always made much of their nephews and nieces.
他们总是很宠爱他们的侄子和侄女。
27
much
When is a quantifier, it is used mainly in questions and negative sentences. In sentences which are not questions or negative sentences, phrases like ‘a lot of’ and ‘plenty of’ are used instead. 如果不是疑问句或否定句，就用 a lot of 和 plenty of
Was there much mess?
是不是很乱？
I don't have much time.
我的时间不多。
Kurama has a lot of snow ( NOT
不说 Kurama has much snow ). 鞍马山经常下雪。
28
Much too so as
can also be used after , , and . much也可用于 too, so 和 as 之后
We’ve wasted too much time.
我们浪费了太多时间。
She cried so much her head ached.
她哭得很厉害，头都疼了。
Drink as much wine as you want.
你想喝多少酒就喝多少酒。
29
much many a lot of
Do not use before countable nouns. Use or . 可数名词前不要用 much，而要用 many 或 a lot of
There are too many advertisements on television (NOT 不说 There are too much advertisements on television) .
电视里广告太多了。
30
much
When is an adverb, it is mainly used before comparative adjectives. much作为副词时主要用于形容词比较级之前
He looks much older than 35.
他看上去远不止 35 岁。
Some people are much more fortunate than others.
有些人比其他人要幸运很多。
31
Much
can also be used before some adjectives in questions and negative questions. much还可用于疑问句或否定疑问句中的某些形容词之前
She doesn’t look much different with her new hairstyle.
她换了新发型，但看起来没有多大变化。
32
much very
Do not use before adjectives in sentences that are not questions or negative sentences. Use . 如果不是疑问句或否定句，形容词之前不要用 much，而要用 very
Tea and coffee taste very different (NOT 不说 Tea and coffee taste much different) .
茶和咖啡味道非常不一样。
33
Much
can also be used before some past participles acting as adjectives. much 也可用于某些用作形容词的过去分词之前
Education is a much discussed government service.
教育是个被经常谈论的政府公共服务事业。
a much admired writer
一位深受仰慕的作家 This use is mainly found in formal and literary English. 这种用法主要见于正式和文学用语中。