ground
noun
verb
adj
ɡraʊnd noun
1
EARTH
地面
a. the surface of the earth b. the soil on and under the surface of the earth 土壤 U
the ground
The leaves were slowly fluttering to the ground.
树叶慢慢飘落到地上。
He lay on the ground and stared up at the sky.
他躺在地上仰望天空。
The ground was frozen solid.
大地冻实了。
above/below/under ground
At night, badgers feed above ground.
夜间，獾来到地面上觅食。
These youngsters work 70 metres below ground level.
这些儿童在地下 70 米的地方干活。
A raised platform stood 2 metres off the ground.
一个凸起的平台离地面有两米高。
The air raids were followed by military action on the ground (=on land) .
空袭之后是地面军事行动。
ground troops (=soldiers who fight on land)
地面部队
Dig the ground over in the autumn.
秋天的时候把土翻过来。
Plant the seeds 2 cm deep in the ground.
把种子种在两厘米深的土壤里。
The ground was dry, far too dry for growing corn.
土地太干，干得无法种庄稼。
2
AREA OF LAND
地方
a. an area of land without buildings, fences, woods etc b. also 又作 an area of land or sea that is used for a particular purpose c. the land or gardens surrounding a large building 〔大型建筑物周围的〕场地，庭园 U C plural 复数 plural 复数 | BrE especially AmE
The landscape is a mixture of open ground and woodland.
这里的地形既有空地又有林地。
They were standing on the waste ground (=land in a town that is not being used) behind the car park.
他们站在停车场后面的荒地上。
fishing grounds
渔场
parade/hunting/burial etc ground
These fields served as a hunting ground for the local people.
这些田地被用作当地人的狩猎场。
The rivers are used as dumping grounds for industrial waste.
这些河流被用作倾倒工业废料的地方。
He is buried in sacred ground.
他被安葬在神圣的土地上。
We decided to take a stroll in the hotel grounds.
我们决定在宾馆的庭院里散散步。
3
REASON
理由
a good reason for doing, believing, or saying something 充分的理由，根据 plural 复数
grounds for (doing) sth
Mental cruelty can be grounds for divorce .
精神折磨可以作为离婚的理由。
There are strong grounds for believing his statement.
有充分的理由可以相信他的话。
have grounds to do sth
Did the police have reasonable grounds to arrest him?
警方有充分的理由逮捕他吗？
on moral/legal/medical etc grounds
The proposal was rejected on environmental grounds.
这个提议因为环保的原因遭到了拒绝。
on (the) grounds of sth
Flying was ruled out on grounds of cost.
乘飞机因为费用的原因被排除了。
‘You’re under arrest.’ ‘On what grounds?’
“你被捕了。”“理由是什么？”
on the grounds that
We oppose the bill, on the grounds that it discriminates against women.
我们反对这个议案，理由是它歧视妇女。
4
SUBJECT
话题
a subject or area of knowledge 话题; 知识领域 U
At meetings, we just keep going over the same ground (=talking about the same things) .
会上我们就是反复地在谈论同一个话题。
His latest movie looks set to break new ground (= introduce new and exciting ideas) .
他最新的这部影片看来会有新的突破。
familiar/home ground (a subject etc that you know something about) 熟悉的话题
In his latest book, McManus returns to more familiar ground.
在他最近出版的书中，麦克马纳斯又谈起了人们更熟悉的话题。
5
OPINION
观点
a general opinion or set of attitudes 观点，立场 U
Often parents and teenagers find they have little common ground (=they do not share the same attitudes etc) .
家长和十几岁的青少年发现他们之间往往鲜有共同的观点。
the middle/centre ground (opinions that are not extreme that most people would agree with) 中间立场
Both parties are battling to occupy the centre ground .
两党都在争取占领中间阵地。
Careful, Laura. You could be treading on dangerous ground (=expressing opinions etc that might offend someone) .
小心啊，劳拉，你的观点可能会冒犯到某些人。
Each side was unwilling to give ground (=change their opinion) .
各方都不愿作出让步。
6
SPORT
体育运动
the place where a particular sport is played [英] 运动场; C | BrE
a new football ground
新建的足球场
It’s their first defeat at their home ground (=the ground that belongs to a particular team) all season.
这是他们在整个赛季中第一次主场失利。
7
hold/stand your ground
a. to stay where you are when someone threatens you, in order to show them that you are not afraid b. to refuse to change your mind about something, even though people are opposing you 坚持自己的立场
The men threatened him, but he stood his ground and they fled.
那些人威胁他，但是他没有退却，他们就逃走了。
Jason vowed to stand his ground, even if it meant losing his job.
贾森发誓哪怕是丢了工作也要坚守立场。
8
get off the ground
to start to be successful 开始获得成功，取得进展
Her show never really got off the ground in the UK.
她的节目在英国一直没有火起来。
9
gain ground
a. to become more successful b. if an idea, belief etc gains ground, more people start to accept it c. to get closer to someone or something that you are competing with 追上，赶上〔竞争对手〕
It was feared that the extreme right would gain ground in the election.
人们担心极右翼势力会在选举中占上风。
His theories gradually gained ground among academics.
他的理论渐渐被学者们接受了。
10
lose ground
10. to become less successful compared with someone or something you are competing with 失去优势，失利
The Indian team seem determined to regain the ground they lost in the last game.
印度队在上一场比赛中失利，这次似乎下定决心一定要赢回来。
11
breeding/fertile/proving ground
11. a situation in which something develops quickly or successfully 沃土，滋生地
The region, with its widespread poverty, provided fertile ground for revolutionary activitists.
这个地区普遍贫困，是产生革命活动家的沃土。
prepare/lay the ground (=to provide the situation or conditions in which something can develop successfully) 作准备，打基础 [+ for ]
My task was to prepare the ground for the recruitment of support workers.
我的任务是为招聘助理人员做准备工作。
12
burn/raze sth to the ground
12. to destroy a city, building etc completely by fire, bombs etc 把某物烧成平地/夷为平地
The city of Tortona was burnt to the ground.
托尔托纳城被烧成了平地。
13
work/drive/run yourself into the ground
13. to work so hard that you become very tired or ill 把自己弄得筋疲力尽，把自己累垮
Kay’s working herself into the ground trying to meet her deadlines.
凯在拼命工作，想如期完成任务。
14
on the ground
14. in the place or situation where something important is happening, rather than somewhere else – used especially in news reports 在现场〔尤指重大事情发生的现场; 尤用于新闻报道〕
While the politicians talk of peace, the situation on the ground remains tense.
政客们在大谈和平的时候，战场局势依然紧张。
15
stamping ground stomping ground
15. ; stomping ground AmE [美] informal someone’s stamping ground is an area where they are known or have a lot of influence [非正式] 〔某人的〕势力范围，有影响力的地方 BrE AmE informal
I guess he’ll try to reach his old stomping ground to drum up support.
我猜他是想到他的老地盘去争取支持。
16
ELECTRICAL
电气的
a wire that connects a piece of electrical equipment to the ground for safety [美] 地线，接地线; singular 单数 | AmE BrE
17
grounds
17. small pieces of solid material that sink to the bottom of a liquid 沉淀物，渣滓 plural 复数
coffee grounds
咖啡渣
18
go to ground
18. to make it hard for people to find you [英] 躲避 BrE
The man has gone to ground since his photograph was published in a national newspaper.
那人自从照片上了一家全国性的报纸以后就销声匿迹了。
19
run sb/sth to ground
19. to succeed in finding someone or something after a long search [英] 费尽周折找到某人/某物 BrE
20
BACKGROUND
背景
the colour used as the background for a design [术语] 〔设计图的〕底色，背景 C | technical
21
ground land
The is the surface that you walk on when you are outdoors. ground is an area of ground that is owned or controlled by someone. land 是指某人所拥有或控制的土地
There were a few flakes of snow on the ground.
地上有几片雪花。
an area of muddy ground
一片烂泥地
They were on his land.
他们在他的土地上。
land set aside for housing
留出的住房用地
22 It is also the part of the earth’s surface that is not covered in water. land 还指陆地
animals that live on land
生活在陆地上的动物
23
earth soil
or is the soft substance that covers the ground and that plants grow in. earth 或 soil 指的是土壤
Green shoots peeped through the earth.
绿色的幼芽从土里钻了出来。
fertile soil
肥沃的土壤
24
The Earth earth
or is also the planet that we live on. the Earth 或 earth 还指我们生活的地球。
25
floor
The is the surface that you walk on when you are indoors. floor 指的是室内的地板
There’s mud all over the floor!
地板上到处都是泥巴！
verb
26
AIRCRAFT
飞机
to stop an aircraft or pilot from flying 使停飞 T usually passive 一般用被动态
All planes are grounded until the fog clears.
所有的飞机都停飞，直至雾散为止。
27
BOAT
船
if you ground a boat or if it grounds, it hits the bottom of the sea so that it cannot move （使）〔船〕搁浅 I,T
Both boats grounded on a mud bank.
两只船都在滩涂上搁浅了。
28
be grounded in/on sth
to be based on something 以某事物为根据
Lewis’ ideas were grounded in his Christian faith.
刘易斯的观点建立在他的基督教信仰基础之上。
29
CHILD
小孩
to stop a child going out with their friends as a punishment for behaving badly [非正式] 罚〔小孩〕不准出门 T | informal
I got home at 2 am and Dad grounded me on the spot.
我凌晨两点回家，爸爸当即罚我不准出去。
30
ELECTRICITY
电
to make a piece of electrical equipment safe by connecting it to the ground with a wire [美] 把〔电器〕接地; T | AmE BrE
31 to teach someone the basic things they should know in order to be able to do something 对〔某人〕进行基本训练
Most seven-year-olds are grounded in the basics of reading and writing.
大多数七岁的儿童都要接受读写的基本训练。
adj
32 ground coffee or nuts have been broken up into powder or very small pieces, using a special machine 〔咖啡或坚果〕磨细的，磨碎的
33 the past tense and past participle of GRIND 1 grind 1 的过去式和过去分词