long
adj
adv
verb
lɒŋ adj
1
GREAT LENGTH
长度
measuring a great length from one end to the other 长的;
a long table
一张长桌子
long hair
长头发
the longest tunnel in the world
世界上最长的隧道
He stretched out his long legs .
他伸出他那两条长长的腿。
a long line of people
一支长长的队伍
2
GREAT DISTANCE
很长一段距离
continuing or travelling a great distance from one place to another 长距离的;
a long distance
一段长距离
Springfield is a long way from Chicago.
斯普林菲尔德离芝加哥很远。
Liz lives in Cheltenham, which is a long way away .
莉兹住在切尔滕纳姆，那地方离这里很远。
long journey/walk/flight/drive etc (a journey etc over a large distance that takes a lot of time) 长途旅行/步行/飞行/驾驶等
It’s a long walk to the shops from here.
从这里去商店要走很远。
3
LARGE AMOUNT OF TIME
大量的时间
continuing for a large amount of time, or for a larger amount of time than usual 长时间的，长久的; AmE spoken
a long period of time
很长一段长时间
a long history of success
长久的成功历史
He has a long memory .
他记性很好。
(for) a long time/while
He’s been gone a long time.
他已离去很久了。
I haven’t been there for a long while.
我好久没有去那里了。
It took a long time to get everything ready.
花了很长时间才把一切都准备好。
She died a long time ago .
她很久以前就过世了。
long silence/pause/delay etc
There was a long silence before anybody spoke.
沉默了很长时间才有人说话。
She’s recovering from a long illness .
她病了很久，现在身体正在康复。
Doctors often work long hours (=work for more time than is usual) .
医生经常要工作很长时间。
the longest time
It took me the longest time to figure out how to open the windows.
我花了很长时间才琢磨出怎样把窗子打开。
4
PARTICULAR LENGTH/DISTANCE/TIME
某一长度/距离/时间长度
used to talk or ask about a particular length, distance, or time 〔长度、距离或时间〕长的; 长久的
How long is your garden?
你的花园有多长？
How long is the film?
这部电影多长时间？
The cable is not quite long enough .
电缆不够长。
two metres/three miles etc long
The bridge is 140 feet long.
这座桥有 140 英尺长。
two hours/three days etc long
The speech was twenty minutes long.
演说历时二十分钟。
5
WRITING
写作
containing a lot of words, letters, names, or pages 长篇的，长的;
a long novel
一部长篇小说
a long list
很长的清单
He has a very long name .
他的名字很长。
He owes money to a list of people as long as your arm (=a very long list) .
他欠了很多人钱，债主名单排起来有很长一大串。
6
CLOTHING
衣服
covering all of your arms or legs 长的〔完全覆盖臂和腿的〕;
a long dress
长裙
a long-sleeved shirt
长袖衬衫
7
TIRING/BORING
累人的/无聊的
making you feel tired or bored [口] 漫长的 spoken
It’s been a long day .
这一天好漫长。
8
VOWEL
元音
a long vowel in a word is pronounced for a longer time than a short vowel with the same sound [术语] 长的; technical
9
how long is a piece of string?
used when there is no definite answer to a question [英，口] 很难说 BrE spoken
‘How long will it take to finish the project?’ ‘How long is a piece of string?’
“这个项目要多长时间才能完成？”“很难说。”
10
the long and (the) short of it
10. used when you are telling someone the most important facts about something rather than all the details [口] 长话短说，简而言之 spoken
The long and the short of it is that we missed the train.
长话短说吧，我们没有赶上火车。
11
the long arm of sb/sth
11. the power of someone or something that has authority, especially to catch and punish someone [书面] 某人/某事物的权力 （权威 ）〔尤指逮捕和惩罚某人的权力〕 written
He won’t escape the long arm of the law .
法网恢恢，他逃不掉的。
12
long face
12. a sad or disappointed expression on someone’s face 愁眉苦脸
13
long in the tooth
13. too old – used humorously [非正式] 太老了〔幽默用法〕 informal
I’m getting a bit long in the tooth for this sort of thing.
我太老了，做这种事情不合适了。
14
not long for this world
14. likely to die or stop existing soon [文] 行将就木; 时日无多 literary
15
long on sth
15. having a lot of a quality 有很多某种品质
He was short on patience, but long on a sense of his own worth.
他耐心不足，但自信有余。
16
long odds
16. if there are long odds against something happening, it is very unlikely that it will happen 极小的可能性
17
in the long run/term
17. used when talking about what will happen at a later time or when something is finished 从长远/长期来看
All our hard work will be worth it in the long run .
从长远来看，我们的辛苦都是值得的。
18
long shot
18. someone or something with very little chance of success 成功可能性极小的人 （事 ）
Chelsea are a 20-1 long shot to win the championship.
切尔西队夺冠赔率为 1 比 20 ，希望渺茫。
19
long time no see
19. used humorously to say hello when you have not seen someone for a long time [口] 很久不见〔幽默用法〕 spoken
20
take the long view (of sth)
20. to think about the effect that something will have in the future rather than what happens now 从长远考虑，从长计议（某事）
21
a long way
21. very much, far, or a great amount or degree 很多; 很大程度 informal BrE informal BrE
We’re still a long way from achieving our sales targets.
我们离完成销售指标还有很长的路。
Psychiatry has come a long way (=developed a lot) since the 1920s.
自 20 世纪 20 年代以来，精神病学已大有进展。
Your contributions will go a long way towards helping children in need (=will help to reach a goal) .
你的捐助对有困难的孩子大有帮助。
by a long way/shot
It was his best performance this year, by a long way.
这是他今年最好的表现，远胜以往。
not by a long way/shot
He had not told Rory everything, not by a long shot.
他没有全部告诉罗里，远远没有。
22
long weekend
22. three or more days, including Saturday and Sunday, when you do not have to go to work or school 长周末，周末长假
23 continuing for a long time 长时间的
lengthy
24 continuing for much too long 时间太长的
interminable
25 continuing for a long time and not changing 长久不变的
permanent
26 when feelings last for a long time 情感持久的
lingering
adv
27 for a long time 长久地，长期地
Have you been waiting long ?
你是否等了很长时间？
Reform of the law is long overdue .
这项法律早就该修改了。
long established traditions
历史悠久的传统
28 used to ask and talk about particular amounts of time 〔用于询问或谈论多长时间〕
How long will it take to get there?
到那里去要多长时间？
Try to keep going for as long as possible .
能坚持多久就坚持多久。
It took me longer than I thought it would.
我用的时间比原先想的要长。
29 at a time that is a long time before or after a particular time 很久〔以前或以后〕
long before/after sth
This all happened long before you were born.
这一切都发生在你出生前很久的时候。
long ago/since
He should have left her long ago.
他早就应该离开她了。
It wasn’t long before (=soon) Lisa arrived.
不久莉萨就来了。
30
for long
for a long time 长久地，长期地 usually in questions and negatives 一般用于疑问句和否定句
Have you known them for long?
你认识他们很久了吗？
I haven’t seen her for so long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like.
我很久没有见到她，都已经忘了她的样子了。
31
as/so long as
a. used to say that one thing can happen or be true only if another thing happens or is true b. used to say that one thing will continue to happen or be true if another thing happens or is true at the same time 只要，只有〔表示只有一件事发生或真实，另一件事才会同时发生或真实〕
You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard.
只要不出后院，你可以出去玩。
As long as we keep playing well, we’ll keep winning games.
只要我们一直都打得好，我们就会一直赢下去。
32
(for) as long as
used to talk about something continuing for the amount of time that you want, need, or is possible 长久; 达…之久
You can stay for as long as you want .
你想逗留多久就逗留多久。
She tried to stay awake for as long as she could .
她尽量不让自己睡去，能醒多久就醒多久。
The fruit should be left on the tree as long as possible .
水果应该尽可能留在树上长久一些。
33
no longer/not any longer
used when something used to happen or be true in the past but does not happen or is not true now 不再
The extra workers won’t be needed any longer.
不再需要额外的工人。
It’s no longer a secret.
这已经不是秘密了。
34
before long
soon or in a short time 很快，不久
Before long a large crowd had gathered outside the building.
不久大楼外面就聚集了一大群人。
It’s likely that the law will be abolished before long.
这项法律很有可能不久就要废除。
35
sb/sth/it won’t be long
used to say that someone or something will be ready, will be back, will happen etc soon [口] 某人/某事/这事不会很久 spoken
Wait here – I won’t be long.
你在这里等着，我马上就回来。
Dinner won’t be long.
晚餐很快就准备好了。
36
all day/year/summer etc long
10. during all of the day etc 整整一天/一年/一个夏天等
37
so long
11. goodbye [口，尤美] 再见 spoken especially AmE
38
long live sb/sth
12. used to show support for a person, idea, principle, or nation 某人/某事物万岁
Long live the King!
国王万岁！
verb
39 to want something very much, especially when it seems unlikely to happen soon 〔尤指对看似不可能很快发生的事〕渴望，盼望
long to do sth
He longed to see her again.
他盼望再见到她。
[+ for ]
She longed for the chance to speak to him in private.
她渴望有机会和他私下交谈。
long for sb to do sth
She longed for him to return.
她盼着他归来。