under
prep, adv
ˈʌndə prep, adv
1
BELOW
在…下面
below or at a lower level than something, or covered by something 在下面; 在底下; 在里面;
Wendy had hidden the box under her bed.
温迪把盒子藏在了自己的床底下。
We sailed under the Golden Gate Bridge.
我们在金门大桥下航行。
Write your name under your picture.
在你的照片下面写上名字。
I could see something glittering under the water.
我看到水下有东西在闪闪发光。
He was wearing a jacket under his coat.
他在大衣里面穿了件夹克。
Under her arm, she carried a large portfolio.
她腋下夹了个大公文包。
In summer, we often slept under the stars.
夏天我们经常露宿星空下。
I’d scare my mom by diving in and staying under (=staying under the water) for as long as I could.
我会跳进水里，尽可能潜在水下很长时间，来吓唬我妈妈。
The bench collapsed under the weight of (=unable to support the weight of) so many people.
长椅承受不住这么多人的重量塌了。
2
LESS THAN
少于
less than a particular number, amount, age, or price 〔数字、数量、年龄或价格〕低于，少于，在…以下;
These toys are not suitable for children under five.
这些玩具不适合 5 岁以下的儿童。
Most of the events listed cost under £60.
所列活动项目的花费大多低于 60 英镑。
I spend just under four hours a day seeing customers.
我一天接待客户所花的时间将近 4 小时。
and/or under
Children aged twelve or under must be accompanied by an adult.
十二岁及十二岁以下儿童必须由成人陪同。
be under age
3
HAVING STH DONE TO IT
对某事物进行处理
used to say what is being done to something or how it is being dealt with 在…过程中
under discussion/consideration/review etc
The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion (=being discussed, considered etc) .
招聘更多员工的可能性仍在讨论中。
All categories of expenditure are under review.
各项开支正在审查中。
Four new power stations are currently under construction.
四座新的发电站目前正在建设中。
The port was coming under attack from enemy warships.
那个港口正遭到敌人战舰的攻击。
4
AFFECTED BY STH
受某事物的影响
affected by a particular condition, influence, or situation 在…影响下
She’s been under a lot of pressure at work.
她工作压力很大。
under the influence of alcohol/drink/drugs etc
He was accused of driving while under the influence of alcohol.
他被控酒后驾车。
The operation was carried out while she was under general anaesthetic.
手术在她全身麻醉的状态下进行。
I’m glad to see that you have everything under control .
很高兴看到一切都在你的控制之中。
Two of our national parks are currently under threat from road schemes.
我们有两个国家公园目前受到筑路计划的威胁。
The doctor injected something into my arm and I immediately felt myself going under (=becoming unconscious) .
医生往我手臂里注射了一种东西，我便立即失去了知觉。
5
under ... conditions/circumstances
if something happens under particular conditions, it happens when those conditions exist 在…的条件/情况下
I wish I’d met him under different circumstances.
我要是换个时候遇见他就好了。
The system operates well under normal conditions.
正常情况下这个系统运行良好。
6
LAW/AGREEMENT
法律/协议
according to a particular agreement, law etc 根据…，依照…
the question of whether the trade is illegal under international law
根据国际法那笔生意是否违法的问题
Under the terms of the agreement, the debt will be repaid over a 20-year period.
根据这项协议的条款，这笔债务可以在 20 年的期限内还清。
7
IN POWER
掌权
if something happens under a particular leader, government etc, it happens when they are in power 由…控制 （管理，经营 ）
a program initiated under President Clinton and continued under President Bush
由克林顿总统时期启动并在布什总统时期继续执行的一个计划
Under her leadership, the magazine’s circulation doubled in less than a year.
在她的领导下，这份杂志的发行量不到一年就翻了一番。
Would it have been different under a Labour government?
在工党政府领导下，情况会有所不同吗？
8
POSITION AT WORK
工作职位
if you work under someone, they have a higher position in the company, organization etc than you, and they help to direct your work 在…手下工作，在…的管辖下
She had a total staff of 10 working under her.
她一共有 10 名员工在她手下工作。
From 1847 to 1851 he served under Captain John Randolph Stokes.
1847年至1851年，他在约翰．伦道夫．斯托克斯上校手下服役。
At Cambridge he studied under (=was a student of) F.R. Leavis.
他在剑桥大学期间师从 F．R. 李维斯。
9
WHERE INFORMATION IS
信息的所在
used to say in which part of a book, list, or system particular information can be found 在〔书、清单或系统中的〕某个部分
be/be filed/be listed etc under
The baby’s records are filed under the mother’s last name.
宝宝的记录归档在母亲的姓氏下。
10
DIFFERENT NAME
别名
if you write or do something under a particular name, you do it using that name instead of your real name 用〔某个名字〕; 假托…
He made a few records under the name of Joe Ritchie.
他用乔．里奇的名字录制了几张唱片。
11
Under
is the usual way to say that one thing is at a lower level than another, or is covered by it. under是表示某物在另一物体的下面或底下的一种常用说法
Your shoes are under the table.
你的鞋子在桌子底下。
He lay under a blanket.
他盖着一条毛毯躺着。
12
Under
is nearly always used as a preposition (followed by a noun). under 几乎总是用作介词，后接名词。
13
Underneath under
has a similar meaning to , and is used especially when something is hidden or covered. underneath和 under 的意思接近，尤用于表示某物被藏在下面或盖在下面
a box underneath the floorboards
藏在地板下面的盒子
14 It can also be used as an adverb. underneath也可用作副词
She lifted the cover and peeped underneath.
她掀起盖子朝下面瞥了一眼。
15
Below
is used when one thing is at a much lower level than another, and can be a preposition or an adverb. below表示某物比另一物的位置要低得多，可用作介词，也可用作副词
the apartment below ours
我们楼下的公寓
Mist lay in the valley below.
下面的山谷里薄雾弥漫。
16
Beneath under below
can be used in the same ways as and , but is a more literary or formal word. beneath的使用方法与 under 和 below 相同，不过这个单词更富文学性，更正式
beneath the silvery moon
在银色的月光下
the cliff, and the ocean beneath
悬崖和下面的大海