near
adv, prep
adj
verb
nɪə
adv, prep
1
SHORT DISTANCE AWAY
近距离
only
a
short
distance
from
a
person
or
thing
接近（地），靠近（地）; 离…很近（地）;
especially BrE
They
live
near
London.
他们住在伦敦附近。
I’m
sure
they
live
somewhere
near
here
.
我肯定他们就住在这附近。
They
moved
house
to
be
nearer
the
school.
他们搬家是为了离学校近一些。
[+
to
]
especially
BrE
【尤英】
:
a
hotel
near
to
the
beach
一家靠近海滩的宾馆
She
told
the
children
not
to
go
near
the
canal.
她告诉孩子们不要靠近运河。
I’m
warning
you
–
don’t
come
any
nearer
!
我警告你 — 别再靠近！
We
heard
voices
as
we
drew
near
the
village.
我们走近村子时听见了说话声。
2
SHORT TIME BEFORE
短时间以前
soon
before
a
particular
time
or
event
接近〔某时间或事件〕
especially BrE
I
didn’t
remember
to
phone
until
near
the
end
of
the
week.
快到周末我才想起来打电话。
[+
to
]
especially
BrE
【尤英】
:
I’ll
give
you
a
ring
a
bit
nearer
to
Christmas.
临近圣诞节时我会给你打电话的。
They
should
send
us
more
details
nearer
the
time
of
the
concert.
音乐会开始前不久他们应该会发给我们更多详细情况。
3
ALMOST DOING STH
几乎做某事
almost
doing
something
or
almost
in
a
particular
state
差不多，几乎
The
work
is
now
near
completion.
这项工作现已接近尾声。
A
lot
of
the
women
were
near
tears
.
有许多女人差点儿落泪。
We
are
no
nearer
an
agreement
than
we
were
six
months
ago.
同六个月前相比，我们的协商没有进展。
[+
to
]
He
was
near
to
panic
as
he
scrambled
out
of
the
building.
他爬出那栋大楼的时候近乎惶恐。
She
was
near
to
crying.
她差不多要哭了。
He
seemed
to
know
that
he
was
near
to
death.
他似乎知道自己快要死了。
4
AMOUNT OR LEVEL
数量或水平
almost
at
a
particular
amount
or
level
接近〔某一数量或水平〕
Inflation
is
now
near
10%.
通货膨胀率目前接近 10%。
He
looked
nearer
fifty
than
forty.
他看上去更像 50 岁而不是 40 岁。
[+
to
]
Unemployment
is
now
near
to
its
all-time
low.
失业率现已接近历史最低点。
Strawberries
are
near
the
top
of
the
list.
草莓列在清单的前几项里。
5
SIMILAR
类似的
if
something
is
near
something
else,
it
is
similar
to
it
相似的
His
story
was
near
enough
the
truth
for
people
to
believe
it.
他说的情况和真相差不多，足以令人们相信。
[+
to
]
They
say
that
love
is
very
near
to
hate.
他们说爱恨仅一步之遥。
It
may
not
be
an
exact
replica
but
it’s
pretty
damn
near.
这也许说不上是完美的复制品，但的确已经十分相似了。
6
near perfect/impossible etc
almost
perfect,
impossible
etc
近乎完美/几乎不可能等的
a
near
impossible
task
几乎不可能完成的任务
7
draw near
if
an
event
is
drawing
near,
it
is
nearly
time
for
it
to
happen
即将发生
The
day
of
his
interview
was
drawing
near.
他面试的日子就要到了。
8
(as) near as damn it
used
to
say
that
something
is
very
nearly
true
or
correct
[英，口] 几乎一点儿不差
BrE spoken
The
repairs
will
cost
us
£1000,
as
near
as
damn
it.
修理费要花掉我们将近 1000 英镑。
9
near enough
used
to
say
that
something
is
nearly
true
or
correct
[英] 差不多
BrE
It’s
eleven
o’clock,
near
enough.
差不多 11 点了。
All
three
car
parks
were
full,
near
enough.
3 个停车场差不多都满了。
10
nowhere near/not anywhere near
10.
used
before
an
adjective
or
adverb
to
say
that
something
is
definitely
not
true
远非，绝不是〔用于形容词或副词之前〕
That’s
nowhere
near
enough
money!
那些钱远远不够！
The
job
wasn’t
anywhere
near
finished.
这项工作离结束还远着呢。
11
not come near sb/sth
11.
if
one
person
or
thing
does
not
come
near
another
one,
it
is
not
at
all
as
good
as
the
other
one
比不上某人/某事物
None
of
the
other
word-processing
programs
comes
near
this
one.
其他的文字处理程序都不如这个程序好用。
12
sb will not go near sb/sth
12.
if
someone
will
not
go
near
a
person
or
thing,
they
dislike
or
are
frightened
of
them
and
will
not
speak
to
the
person
or
use
the
thing
某人不喜欢 （不愿 ）接近某人/某物
He
refused
to
go
near
a
doctor.
他拒绝去看医生。
He
made
up
his
mind
never
to
go
near
a
motorcycle
again.
他下定决心再也不碰摩托车了。
adj
13
only
a
short
distance
away
from
someone
or
something
〔距离〕近的，接近的;
It’s
a
beautiful
house
but
it’s
20
miles
away
from
the
nearest
town.
这房子很漂亮，但离最近的城镇也有 20 英里。
We
can
meet
at
the
pub
or
in
the
restaurant,
whichever’s
nearer
for
you.
我们可以在酒吧或餐馆见面，看哪个离你近一些。
14
a near disaster/collapse etc
almost
a
DISASTER
,
COLLAPSE
etc
险些发生的灾难/几乎崩溃等
The
election
was
a
near
disaster
for
the
Conservative
party.
那次选举对保守党来说几乎是场灾难。
15
the nearest thing/equivalent to sth
the
thing
you
have
that
is
most
like
a
particular
type
of
thing
与某事物最近似，与某事物最相似
He’s
the
nearest
thing
to
a
father
I’ve
got.
我接触过的人中，他最像个父亲。
16
in the near future
soon
在不久的将来
They
promised
to
contact
us
again
in
the
near
future.
他们答应不久会再和我们联系。
17
be a near thing
a.
if
something
you
succeed
in
doing
is
a
near
thing,
you
manage
to
succeed
but
you
nearly
failed
b.
used
to
say
that
you
just
managed
to
avoid
a
dangerous
or
unpleasant
situation
好险〔表示刚好躲过危险或不愉快的情况〕
BrE
They
won
the
championship,
but
it
was
a
near
thing.
他们得了冠军，不过只是险胜。
That
was
a
near
thing
–
that
truck
was
heading
straight
for
us.
刚才好险啊，那辆卡车朝着我们直冲过来。
18
near miss
a.
when
a
bomb,
plane,
car
etc
nearly
hits
something
but
does
not
b.
a
situation
in
which
something
almost
happens,
or
someone
almost
achieves
something
几乎发生，几乎达到（某种结果）
a
near
miss
between
two
passenger
aircraft
over
the
airport
两架客机险些在机场上方相撞
19
to the nearest£10/hundred etcan amount to the nearest £10, hundred etc is the number nearest to it that can be divided by £10, a hundred etc 以十英镑/一百等略算:
Give
me
the
car
mileage
to
the
nearest
thousand.
以千位数略算，告诉我这辆车行驶了多少英里。
20
near relative/relation sb’s nearest and dearest
a.
a
relative
who
is
very
closely
related
to
you
such
as
a
parent
b.
someone’s
family
–
used
humorously
某人的家人 （亲人 ）; 某人的至爱〔幽默用法〕
The
death
of
a
near
relative
is
a
terrible
trauma
for
a
child.
某位近亲去世会对孩子造成巨大的心灵创伤。
21
a.
used
to
describe
the
side
of
something
that
is
closest
to
where
you
are
b.
used
when
talking
about
the
parts
of
a
vehicle
to
mean
the
one
that
is
closest
to
the
side
of
the
road
when
you
drive
[英] 〔交通工具〕靠路缘一侧的; 靠左边的;
only before noun 仅用于名词前, no comparative 无比较级 | BrE
the
near
bank
of
the
river
较近一侧的河岸
The
headlight
on
the
near
side
isn’t
working.
左边的车头灯坏了。
verb
22
to
come
closer
to
a
place
靠近〔某地方〕;
T
She
began
to
feel
nervous
as
she
neared
the
house.
她走近那所房子时开始觉得紧张。
The
ship
was
nearing
the
harbour.
那艘船正驶近港口。
23
to
come
closer
to
being
in
a
particular
state
接近〔某状态〕
T
The
work
is
nearing
completion.
工作快完成了。
He’s
55
now,
and
nearing
retirement.
他现在 55 岁，快要退休了。
24
to
come
closer
to
a
particular
time
临近〔某一时间〕
T
He
was
nearing
the
end
of
his
stay
in
India.
他在印度的逗留期临近尾声。
25
if
a
time
nears,
it
gets
closer
and
will
come
soon
〔时间〕临近
I
He
got
more
and
more
nervous
as
the
day
of
his
departure
neared.
随着自己出发的日子一天天临近，他变得越来越紧张。